Chapter 5 BNF (Infectious Diseases) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of an infection?

A
Fever 
Malaise
Drowsiness in children 
Confusion in elderly 
Worsening renal failure
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2
Q

What risks are to be considered when offering antibiotics to elderly patients?

A

Risk of C. difficile

Renal and hepatic impairment

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3
Q

Which antibiotics are most likely to cause C.difficile?

A

Clindamycin (most)
Penicillins
Quinolones
2nd and 3rd gen cephalosporins

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4
Q

What’s first and second line in C.difficile?

A

Metronidazole

Oral vancomycin

Don’t give loperamide

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5
Q

What’s the treatment of Endocarditis?

A

Amoxicillin + low dose gentamicin

Add Flucloxacillin if Staphy
Add vancomycin if MRSA
Add Benzypenicillin if streptococcus

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6
Q

What’s the treatment of community acquired pneumonia? (Mild)

A

Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Doxycycline

7 days

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7
Q

What’s the treatment of community acquired pneumonia? (Moderate )

A

Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin

Or

Doxycycline

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8
Q

What’s the treatment of community acquired pneumonia? (Severe)

A

Benzypenicillin + Clarithromycin/Doxycycline

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9
Q

What’s the treatment of hospital acquired pneumonia for in patients less than 5 days in?

A

Co amoxiclav
Cefuroxime

7 days

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10
Q

What’s the treatment of hospital acquired pneumonia for in patients longer than 5 days?

A

Antipseudomonal penicillin
Broad spectrum cephalosporin
I Quinolone

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11
Q

What is the initial treatment of meningitis?

A

Benzypenicillin

Or

Cefotaxime

Or

chloramphenicol

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12
Q

What’s the treatment for osteomyelitis?

A

Flucloxacillin

Or

Clindamycin

Or

Vancomycin MRSA

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13
Q

What’s the treatment for impetigo? (Local) and (systemic)

A

Local: fusidic acid for 7 days,
muporicin (MRSA)

Systemic: Flucloxacillin for 7 days

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14
Q

What’s the treatment for cellulitis?

A

Flucloxacillin

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15
Q

What’s the treatment for animal bites?

A

Co amoxiclav

Metronidazole and doxycycline

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16
Q

What’s the treatment for oral infections?

A

Metronidazole 200mg TDS for 3 days

Amoxicillin

Doxycycline

17
Q

When should the antibiotic be changed for oral infection?

A

No response in 48 hours

18
Q

What’s the treatment for a sore throat?

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Benzypenicillin (severe)

NOT BROAD SPEC

19
Q

What’s the treatment for sinusitis?

A

Benzylpenicillin

Clarithromycin

Doxycycline

20
Q

What’s the treatment for otitis externa ?

A

Flucloxacillin

21
Q

What’s the treatment for otitis media?

A

Amoxicillin

22
Q

When should antibiotics be given for otitis media and externa?

A

72jhrs with no improvement

Systemic

23
Q

Symptoms and Treatment of Slapped Cheek Syndrome?

A

Fever

Bright red rash on both cheeks
Can spread to body

Treatment: paracetamol

24
Q

Symptoms and treatment of Hand, Foot and Mouth?

A

Fever

Blisters on hands and feet
Ulcers on tongue

Treatment: Paracetamol

25
Q

Symptoms and Treatment of Scarlet fever?

A

Pink-red rash which feels like sandpaper

Swollen tongue, sore throat, headache

Treatment: antibiotics

26
Q

Symptoms and treatment of Measles?

A

Fever

Sore eyes

Sensitive to light

Red/brown rash on the head or neck

See GP

27
Q

Symptoms and Treatment of Hives

?

A

Raised itchy red rash

Allergy

28
Q

Symptoms and Treatment of chicken pox?

A

Red spots turn into blisters which eventually scab

Itchy

29
Q

Symptoms and Treatment of Molluscum contagioum?

A

Small firm raised spots

Can take a year to go away

30
Q

Which demographic is most at risk if they catch Rubella?

A

Pregnant