Chapter 1 BNF (Food allergy to Stoma Care) Flashcards
what are the symptoms of food allergies?
skin: rashes, urtaria
GI: colic N and V
Respiratory
Anaphylaxis
what is licensed for food allergy?
sodium cromoglicate as adjuct to diet
chlorphenamine for symptoms
What are the antimuscarinic side effects?
cant see cant poo can pee cant spit tachycardia pupil dilation drowsiness
what conditioned are antimuscarinics cautioned in?
angle-closure glaucoma
conditions causing tachycardia (hyperthyroidism)
cardiovascular disease
what conditions are antimuscarinics contraindicated in?
urinary retention, BPH
paralytic ileus, GI obstruction
myasthenia gravis
narrow angle glaucoma
what is the MHRA on hyoscine butylbromide injection?
risk of adverse effects in cardiac disease
contraindicated in tachycardia
monitor patients and have rescuscitation available
How do antispasmodics work
relax intestinal smooth muscle
when should antispasmodics be contraindicated and which spasmodic causes heartburn?
Paralytic ileus
peppermint oil causes heartburn
what is an anal fissure?
a tear or ulcer in the lining of the anal canal
bleeding
sharp pain on defecation
what is an acute anal fissure how is it treated?
<6 weeks
bulk forming laxative or osmotic laxative
lidocaine for pain before emptying
what is chronic anal fissure and how is it treated ?
> 6 weeks GTN rectal ointment
oral or topic diltiazem/ nifedipine
What treatments are available for haemorrhoids?
bulk forming for constipation
pain relief - simple analgesics (avoid NSAID if bleeding, avoid opioid)
topical - anaesthetic for few days or steroid for 7 days (exclude infection)
Which diseases cause reduced secretions of pancreatic enzymes?
cystic fibrosis
pancreatitis
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
coeliac
what dietary advice would be offered to a patient with low pancreatic enzymes?
3 meals 2/3 snacks
avoid legumes beans peas
avoid alcohol
avoid reduced fats diets
Advice on pancreatin?
take with meal or snacks
PPIs help pancreatin
do not mix with hot food or drink
if mixed with food/liquids, do not keep for more than an hour
enteric coated preparations have higher pancreatin
drink plenty fluids
