Chapter 5

Question 1

moves waste out of a cell

Answer 1

exocytosis

Question 2

double layers of cell membrane

Answer 2

phospholipids

Question 3

usually controlled by electical gradients

Answer 3

gated ion channel

Question 4

shields molecule from lipid bilayer

Answer 4

carrier protein

Question 5

particle energy causing movement

Answer 5

kinectic energy

Question 6

carrier proteins transporting molecules down a concentration gradient

Answer 6

facilitated diffusion

Question 7

may cause cytolysis

Answer 7

hypotonic solutions

Question 8

causes cells to remian in equilibrium

Answer 8

isotonic solution

Question 9

may cause plsmolysis

Answer 9

hypertonic solution

Question 10

In the cell membrane, ion channels serve as what?

Answer 10

passageways

Question 11

What is the movement of water through a cell membrane called?

Answer 11

osmosis

Question 12

What are some characteristics of active transport

Answer 12

it moves substances up a concentration gradient; it requires energy from the cell; it relies on carrier proteins that often function as pumps

Question 13

What is facilitated diffusion often used to transport?

Answer 13

molecules that are not soluble in lipids

Question 14

When particle move out of a cell through facilitated diffusion, the cell ___.

Answer 14

does not use energy

Question 15

Molecules that are too large to be moved into a cell through the cell membrane can be transported across by what?

Answer 15

endocytosis

Question 16

If the concentration of a sugar solution is lower outside the cell than inside the cell, which of the following will happen by osmosis?

Answer 16

water will move into the cell

Question 17

Give an example of osmosis?

Answer 17

the movement of water molecules from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration

Question 18

the excretion of materials to the outside of a cell by discharging them from vesicles

Answer 18

exocytosis

Question 19

If the molecular concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space, the substance ___.

Answer 19

is in equilibrium

Question 20

All forms of active transport are dependent on what?

Answer 20

ATP from the cell

Question 21

Sodium-potassium pumps do what?

Answer 21

Move NA ions out of the cell and K ions into the cell

Question 22

A structure that can move excess water out of a unicellular organism

Answer 22

contractile vacuole

Question 23

relatively low solute concentration

Answer 23

hypotonic

Question 24

membrane-bound organelle

Answer 24

vesicle

Question 25

uptake of large particles

Answer 25

phagocytosis

Question 26

shrinking of red blood cells

Answer 26

crenation

Question 27

uptake of solutes or fluids

Answer 27

pinocytosis

Question 28

bursting of red blood cells

Answer 28

hemolysis

Question 29

concentration of difference across a space

Answer 29

concentration gradient

Question 30

relatively high solute concentration

Answer 30

hypertonic