Chapter 4 Review Flashcards
What is Biology?
the study of life
All living organisms show some degree of order or organization. What is the smallest functional unit that exhibits all of the characteristics of life and order?
cell
What are the products in the hydrolysis of ATP?
ADP, phosphate, and energy
How many covalent bonds is a carbon atom able to form with other compounds or elements?
4
Organic molecules that catalyze reactions in living systems are what?
enzymes
the coumpound that is stored as glycogen in animals and starch in plants is what?
glucose
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures are called what?
isomers
Amino acids become linked together by peptide bonds during ___ reactions.
Condensation
How many different types of monomers are found in proteins?
20
What are the four major macromolecules of life?
carbohydrates; lipids; proteins; nucleic acids
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
monosaccharide
As a cell becomes smaller, its surface area ___ relative to its volume.
increases
Which scientist was described cells as “many little boxes”?
Robert Hool
What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
produce energy for cell activity
What structures would be found in a prokaryote?
ribosome, cytoplasm, plasmid
