Chapter 23 Flashcards
Which structure would you most likely find in a bacteria cell?
cell membrane
Which of the following is not a method of movement used by bacteria?
forceful expulsion of a contractile vacuole
A poison that is released from a dead Gram-negative bacteria
an endotoxin
bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics by doing what?
acquiring an R-plasmid for resistance
Which prokaryote would you most likely find in hot acidic water?
thermoacidophile
Archaea and bacteria are placed in separate domains for what reason?
ribosomal RNA sequences are different
Which of the following bacteria would you most likely find in the human intestine?
enteric
Photoautotrophic bacteria obtain energy
from the sun
Which type(s) of bacteria will be destroyed by the presence of oxygen?
obligate anaerobes
Many bacteria have pili that are used to what?
adhere to surfaces and join bacteria cells for conjugation
Which of the following bacteria are thought to be responsible for establishing the Earth’s oxygen-rich atmosphere?
cyanobacteria
The bacteria responsible for the production of stomach ulcers is what?
helicobacter pylori
A bacteria that is nitrogen fixing does what
converts atmospheric nitrogen into nitrate
a Gram-positive bacteria stains ___ because it has a ___ amount of peptidoglycan in its cell wall.
purple; large
Name two examples of Gram-negative spirochetes
treponema pallidum and borelia burgdorferi
The process that uses bacteria to break down pollutants is called what?
bioremediation
How does the antibiotic tetracycline attack bacteria?
by blocking protein synthesis
Who was the first scientist to discover that heat kills most bacteria and institute sterilization technique?
Louis Pasteur
Name the scientist that discovered the antibiotic properties of penicillin in 1928.
Alexander Fleming
The thick structure around the outside of some bacteria that helps to protect the bacteria from harsh environmental changes is the ___.
capsule
the small circular replicting loops of DNA that carry the genes to help make bacteria antibiotic resistant are called what?
plasmids
Prokaryotes that thrive and grow best in moderate temperatures are called what?
mesophiles
The pH at which most bacteria thrive and grow is what?
6.5-7.5
Most foodborne illness is transmitted by ___.
undercooked or raw meat
How do prokaryotes reproduce?
binary fusion
What are the primary nutritional needs of prokaryotes?
carbon and energy
What are some examples of spirochetes?
Spirochaeta, Treponema, Borrelia, and Leptospira
Where does cellular respiration take place?
in the cell membrane of most bacteria
Several different antibiotics are made from what?
bacteria actinomycetes
Why is bacteria used to genetically modify food?
to make it post resistant
Name the 3 primary bacterial shapes.
bacillus, coccus, spirillum
