Chapter 23

Question 1

Which structure would you most likely find in a bacteria cell?

Answer 1

cell membrane

Question 2

Which of the following is not a method of movement used by bacteria?

Answer 2

forceful expulsion of a contractile vacuole

Question 3

A poison that is released from a dead Gram-negative bacteria

Answer 3

an endotoxin

Question 4

bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics by doing what?

Answer 4

acquiring an R-plasmid for resistance

Question 5

Which prokaryote would you most likely find in hot acidic water?

Answer 5

thermoacidophile

Question 6

Archaea and bacteria are placed in separate domains for what reason?

Answer 6

ribosomal RNA sequences are different

Question 7

Which of the following bacteria would you most likely find in the human intestine?

Answer 7

enteric

Question 8

Photoautotrophic bacteria obtain energy

Answer 8

from the sun

Question 9

Which type(s) of bacteria will be destroyed by the presence of oxygen?

Answer 9

obligate anaerobes

Question 10

Many bacteria have pili that are used to what?

Answer 10

adhere to surfaces and join bacteria cells for conjugation

Question 11

Which of the following bacteria are thought to be responsible for establishing the Earth’s oxygen-rich atmosphere?

Answer 11

cyanobacteria

Question 12

The bacteria responsible for the production of stomach ulcers is what?

Answer 12

helicobacter pylori

Question 13

A bacteria that is nitrogen fixing does what

Answer 13

converts atmospheric nitrogen into nitrate

Question 14

a Gram-positive bacteria stains ___ because it has a ___ amount of peptidoglycan in its cell wall.

Answer 14

purple; large

Question 15

Name two examples of Gram-negative spirochetes

Answer 15

treponema pallidum and borelia burgdorferi

Question 16

The process that uses bacteria to break down pollutants is called what?

Answer 16

bioremediation

Question 17

How does the antibiotic tetracycline attack bacteria?

Answer 17

by blocking protein synthesis

Question 18

Who was the first scientist to discover that heat kills most bacteria and institute sterilization technique?

Answer 18

Louis Pasteur

Question 19

Name the scientist that discovered the antibiotic properties of penicillin in 1928.

Answer 19

Alexander Fleming

Question 20

The thick structure around the outside of some bacteria that helps to protect the bacteria from harsh environmental changes is the ___.

Answer 20

capsule

Question 21

the small circular replicting loops of DNA that carry the genes to help make bacteria antibiotic resistant are called what?

Answer 21

plasmids

Question 22

Prokaryotes that thrive and grow best in moderate temperatures are called what?

Answer 22

mesophiles

Question 23

The pH at which most bacteria thrive and grow is what?

Answer 23

6.5-7.5

Question 24

Most foodborne illness is transmitted by ___.

Answer 24

undercooked or raw meat

Question 25

How do prokaryotes reproduce?

Answer 25

binary fusion

Question 26

What are the primary nutritional needs of prokaryotes?

Answer 26

carbon and energy

Question 27

What are some examples of spirochetes?

Answer 27

Spirochaeta, Treponema, Borrelia, and Leptospira

Question 28

Where does cellular respiration take place?

Answer 28

in the cell membrane of most bacteria

Question 29

Several different antibiotics are made from what?

Answer 29

bacteria actinomycetes

Question 30

Why is bacteria used to genetically modify food?

Answer 30

to make it post resistant

Question 31

Name the 3 primary bacterial shapes.

Answer 31

bacillus, coccus, spirillum