Chapter 35 Flashcards

1
Q

Name some characteristics of mollusks.

A

They exhibit bilateral symmetry. They undergo a trochophore state. They use radula to acquire food.

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2
Q

Mollusk bodies are divide into what two main regions?

A

visceral mass and head-foot

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3
Q

Which region contains the mouth and sensory structures in a mollusk?`

A

head

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4
Q

Which region contains the heart, digestive, reproductive, and excretory organs of a mollusk?

A

mantle

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5
Q

Which mollusk structure produces the hard valves or shells?

A

mantle

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6
Q

paired clusters of nerve cells controlling the locomotion, feeding, and sensory processing are located where?

A

in the head-foot and visceral mass

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7
Q

A radula can be used to

A

feed

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8
Q

The process that occurs in gastropods to produce a head that can be retracted is called

A

torsion

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9
Q

the largest and most diverse class of mollusks

A

gastropods

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10
Q

Give some examples of gastropods.

A

snails, conchs, and abalones

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11
Q

The structure of a land snail that acts as a modified lung is the ___.

A

mantle activity

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12
Q

The marine gastropod that has no shell is the ___.

A

nudibranch

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13
Q

Most bivalves are ___.

A

sessile

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14
Q

The mantel cavity of a clam is sealed except for two fleshy tubes called ___.

A

siphons

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15
Q

Clams reproduce ___.

A

sexually only

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16
Q

Most cephalopods are ___.

A

free swimming

17
Q

Name three facts about cephalopods and their nervous system.

A

They have the largest brain of any invertebrate. They are capable of learning. Their tentacles have numerous sensory neurons.

18
Q

Specialized pigment cells that allow a cephalopod to blend with its environment are called ___.

A

chromatophores

19
Q

A squid usually has ___ tentacle(s) used for preying on and capturing food.

A

2

20
Q

Architeuthis is the largest invertebrate. What is it?

A

giant squid

21
Q

What are some characterists of the chambered nautilus?

A

It is the only cephalopod with an external shell. It has fluid-filled chambers that help with buoyancy as it discharges water. It uses only the outermost chamber of its shell for occupancy.

22
Q

The segmented coelom of the earthworm allows for ___.

A

muscle contraction producing locomotion independent from organ function

23
Q

the common characteristic that suggests mollusks and annelids are related is ___.

A

trochophore stage of development

24
Q

The most commonly known oligochaete is the ___.

A

earthworm

25
Q

contraction of which muscle in the earthworm causes the initial increase in pressure of the coelomic fluid initiating locomotion?

A

circular

26
Q

Name two circulatory structures in the earthworm that are responsible for pumping blood.

A

dorsal blood vessel; aortic arches

27
Q

An annelid is equipped with excretory tubules to eliminate excess water. These tubules are called what?

A

nephridia

28
Q

The clitellum is responsible for ___.

A

secreting mucous that aids in the reproductive process of the annelid

29
Q

The largest class of annelids is ___.

A

polychaeta

30
Q

The class of Hirudinea includes ___.

A

leeches

31
Q

Name some characteristcs of leeches.

A

They secrete an anesthetic so the host does not feel the leech. They can ingest ten times their own body wieght in blood. They secrete an anticoagulent to keep the blood from clotting.

32
Q

The majority of polychaetes ___.

A

are covered with numerous setae and parapodia