Chapter 5

Question 1

Name two important things that biochemicals reactions can provide for cells.

Answer 1

1. Reactions construct basic building blocks for all structures.
2. Reactions provide energy to run all functions for cells.

Question 2

Name two ways that biochemical reactions can be speeded up. Which is preferable for the cell?

Answer 2

Increase temperature of the system. Using enzymes to speed up the system (preferable)

Question 3

Describe the type of organic molecule that makes up enzymes. Explain denaturation.

Answer 3

All enzymes are protein. If enzyme is denaturized, it will no longer fit.

Question 4

Explain why the body only needs a small quantity of each kind of enzyme.

Answer 4

Because it can use the same molecule more than once.

Question 5

Name three environmental factors that affect enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

Answer 5

1. Temperature
2. pH
3. Concentration of Ingredients

Question 6

What controls the number and kind of enzymes in the cell?

Answer 6

Give regulator proteins do controlling & turn on and off the RNA.

Question 7

Why does the cell need some process to control it’s chemical reactions?

Answer 7

Coordinated & Regulated

Question 8

Catalyst

Answer 8

A chemical that speeds up a reaction but it is not used up in the reaction.

Question 9

Enzyme

Answer 9

Molecules, produced by organisms, that are able to control the rate at which chemical reactions occur.

Question 10

Nutrient

Answer 10

Molecules required by organisms for growth reproduction or repair.

Question 11

A reactant molecule with which the enzymes combines.

Answer 11

Substrate

Question 12

Energy required to start a reaction.

Answer 12

Activation Energy

Question 13

A molecule that temporarily attaches itself to an enzyme, thereby interfering with the enzymes ability to form an enzyme substrate complex.

Answer 13

Inhibitor

Question 14

The number of molecules of substrate with which a single molecule of enzyme can react in a given time.

Answer 14

Turnover Number