Chapter 4, Section 3 Flashcards
What are the three major groups of non-vascular plants?
Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts
Where do mosses, liverworts, and hornworts live? And why?
These low growing plants live in moist environments where they can absorb water and other nutrients directly from their environment.
What do the watery surroundings also do to help these nonvascular plants?
The watery surroundings also enable sperm cells to swim to egg cells during reproduction.
The green, fuzzy part of the moss is what part of the plant?
Gametophyte
What are the thin, root like structures of a moss called?
Rhizoids
What are the two functions of a rhizoid?
To anchor the moss and absorb water and nutrients.
Where does the sporophyte grow from and what is contained in the capsule?
The sporophyte grows out of the gametophyte. The capsule contains spores.
What kind of moss do many people use in agriculture and gardening?
Peat moss
What does the peat moss that gardeners use contain?
Sphagnum moss
Where does sphagnum moss grow?
In a wetland called a bog.
When dead plants accumulate at the bottom of the bog and over time become compressed into layers, they form a blackish brown material called what?
Peat
What are liverworts named after?
They are named for the shape of the plant body, which looks somewhat like a human liver. Wort is an old English word for plant.
Where do liverworts live?
Liverworts are often found growing as a thick crust on moist rocks or soil along the sides of a stream
What gives hornworts their name?
Slender, curved structures that look like horns growing out of the gametophytes. These are the sporophytes.
Where do you hornworts live?
Hornworts seldom live on rocks or tree trunks. Instead, hornworts usually live in moist soil, often mixed in with green plants.
