Chapter 2 Animals-Section 2

Question 1

What are the four major groups of arthropods?

Answer 1

Crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes and millipedes, and insects.

Question 2

What are the four characteristics of all arthropods?

Answer 2

1) invertebrates
2) external skeleton
3) segmented body
4) jointed attachments called appendages

Question 3

What are three examples of appendages?

Answer 3

Wings, mouth parts, and legs

Question 4

What are arthropods named for?

Answer 4

Jointed appendages

Question 5

What are three other characteristics of arthropods that other animals share as well?

Answer 5

1) bilateral symmetry
2) Open circulatory system
3) digestive system with two openings
4) reproduce sexually

Question 6

What is the waterproof, waxy outer skeleton that covers an arthropod called?

Answer 6

Exoskeleton

Question 7

What is the function of the exoskeleton?

Answer 7

It protects the animal and helps prevent evaporation of water to keep the arthropod from drying out.

Question 8

As an arthropod grows larger it’s exoskeleton cannot expand. The process of shedding an outgrown exoskeleton skeleton is called what?

Answer 8

Molting

Question 9

After an arthropod has molted what is it’s new skeleton like? Why is this important?

Answer 9

It’s new skeleton is soft and the arthropod has less protection from danger then it does after its new skeleton has hardened.

Question 10

In some groups of arthropods, several body segments become joined into what?

Answer 10

Distinct sections

Question 11

An arthropod may have up to how many sections? And what are they?

Answer 11

An arthropod may have up to three sections. A head, a midsection, and a hind section

Question 12

What do the joints in the appendages of an arthropod do?

Answer 12

The joints in the appendages give the animal flexibility and enable it to move.

Question 13

Arthropod appendages tend to be highly specialized tools. What are they used for?

Answer 13

Arthropod appendages are used for moving, obtaining food, reproducing, and sensing the environment.

Question 14

What is an appendage attached to the head of an arthropod that contains sense organs called?

Answer 14

Antenna….and most arthropods have them!

Question 15

Scientists have identified more species of arthropods than all other species of animals combined. How many have they identified?

Answer 15

Over 1 million

Question 16

Where do crustaceans live?

Answer 16

Freshwater lakes and rivers, oceans, coastlines, and even damp places on land.

Question 17

How many body sections, pairs of legs, and pairs of antenna, do crustaceans have?

Answer 17

They have two or three body sections, five or more pair of legs, and two pair of antennae

Question 18

What are the two pair of antennae on a crayfish used for?

Answer 18

They are used for smelling, tasting, touching, and keeping balance.

Question 19

What are the crayfish’s first pair of legs called and what do they do?

Answer 19

Chelipeds and they are used for obtaining food and defending itself

Question 20

Because crustaceans live in watery environments, most have gills. What is the function of the gills and where are the gills located?

Answer 20

Gills obtain oxygen and are located beneath the shell of the crustacean. Water containing oxygen reaches the gills as the crustacean moves along in its environment

Question 21

Crustaceans obtain food in many ways. Give three examples.

Answer 21

1) scavengers that eat dead plants and animals
2) predators eating animals they’ve killed
3) some are herbivores

Question 22

What are some examples of crustaceans?

Answer 22

Shrimp, crabs, crayfish, lobsters, krill, barnacles.

Question 23

What is a process in which an animal’s body undergoes dramatic changes in form during its lifecycle called?

Answer 23

Metamorphosis

Question 24

How many body sections, pairs of legs, and pairs of antenna, do arthropods have?

Answer 24

Arachnids have two body sections, four pairs of legs, and no antennae.

Question 25

What is included in the first body section of an arachnid?

Answer 25

The first body section is a combined head and midsection.

Question 26

What is the hind section of arachnid called? And what is contained in it?

Answer 26

The hind section is called the abdomen. The abdomen contains the reproductive organs and part of the digestive system.

Question 27

Give some examples of arachnids

Answer 27

Spiders, mites, ticks and scorpions

Question 28

Are spiders predators? And what do they eat?

Answer 28

Yes, most of them eat insects

Question 29

How do you spiders catch their prey?

Answer 29

Some run down their prey, and others spin sticky webs to trap their prey.

Question 30

Spiders have hollow things, what are they used for?

Answer 30

They are used to inject venom into their prey.

Question 31

How does spiders venom help them to eat their prey?

Answer 31

Spider venom turns the tissues of the prey into mush. Later the spider uses it’s fangs like drinking straws and sucks in the food.

Question 32

True or false

Spiders rarely bite people

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Where do mites live?

Answer 33

Dry areas, freshwater, oceans

Question 34

What are two examples of mites

Answer 34

Chiggers and ear mites

Question 35

What do you mites feed on?

Answer 35

Mites feed on dead skin and hair. They are parasites.

Question 36

What type of climate do scorpions live in?

Answer 36

Hot climates

Question 37

Where can you find a scorpion during the day?

Answer 37

During the day, scorpions hide in cool places, such as under rocks and logs, or in holes in the ground. They are usually active at night?

Question 38

How do you scorpions catch their prey?

Answer 38

Scorpions have a spine like stinger at the end of their abdomen. The scorpion uses the stinger to inject venom into its prey.

Question 39

Where do you ticks live?

Answer 39

Ticks are parasites that live on the outside of a host animals body

Question 40

What type of ticks attack humans? And what disease do they carry?

Answer 40

Infected deer ticks can spread Lyme disease.

Question 41

How many body sections, pairs of legs, and pairs of antenna, do centipeds and millipedes have?

Answer 41

Centipedes and millipedes have two body sections, many pairs of legs, and one pair of antennae

Question 42

How did centipedes get their name?

Answer 42

Some centipedes have more than 100 segments. The word centipede means “100 feet”.

Question 43

What are the two body segments on a centipede?

Answer 43

Centipedes have two body sections. A head and a long abdomen with many segments.

Question 44

How many pairs of legs are attached to each segment of a centipede?

Answer 44

Centipedes have one pair of legs attached to each segment?

Question 45

How do you centipedes catch their prey?

Answer 45

Centipedes are swift predators that inject them into their prey

Question 46

How many segments do millipedes have? And how many pairs of legs on each segment?

Answer 46

Millipedes may have more than 80 segments and have two pairs of legs on each segment

Question 47

What do millipedes eat?

Answer 47

Most millipedes are scavengers the graze on partly decayed leaves.

Question 48

What do millipedes to do when they are disturbed or feel threatened by a potential predator?

Answer 48

Millipedes can curl up into a ball, protected by their tough exoskeleton. Some will also squirt an awful smelling liquid at a potential predator.