Chapter 3 Fishes-Section 2

Question 1

What are the five characteristics of fishes?

Answer 1

1. A vertebrate that lives in water
2. Uses fins to move
3. Ectotherm
4. Obtain oxygen through gills
5. Have scales

Question 2

Fishes make up the largest group of vertebrates. What percent of the vertebrate species are fishes?

Answer 2

Almost 50%

Question 3

Which of the following have been on earth longer than any other kind of vertebrate?
A. Birds
B. Reptiles
C. Fishes
D. Amphibians

Answer 3

C

Question 4

How do you fish get their oxygen from water?

Answer 4

As a fish swims, it opens it’s mouth and takes a gulp of water. The water moves into the fish’s throat which leads to the gills. As the water flows over the blood vessels in the gills, oxygen moves from the water into the fish’s blood. The blood travels throughout the fish’s body, supplying the body cells with oxygen.

Question 5

What type of circulatory system do fish have? And how many chambers does a fish’s heart have?

Answer 5

Closed circulatory system. The heart of the fish has two chambers.

Question 6

Why do fish need fins?

Answer 6

Fins help fish swim so they can obtain food and sometimes movement is also related to reproduction.

Question 7

Do fins on fish have bones?

Answer 7

Yes, the skeleton of a fish shows that the fins have bony support.

Question 8

What type of fertilization do most fish have?

Answer 8

External fertilization.

Question 9

What is external fertilization?

Answer 9

In external fertilization, the eggs are fertilized outside the female’s body. The male hovers close to the female and spreads a cloud of sperm cells over the eggs she releases. The young develop outside the female’s body.

Question 10

Some fish have internal fertilization. What is one example of a fish that’s eggs are fertilized inside the female’s body?

Answer 10

Shark

Question 11

What two things help fish find food and avoid predators?

Answer 11

Their nervous system and sense organs. Keen senses of touch, smell, and taste help fish capture food.

Question 12

Fishes are organized into three main groups based on what?

Answer 12

Structures of their mouths and the types of skeletons they have

Question 13

What are the three main groups of fishes?

Answer 13

Jawless fishes, cartilaginous fishes, and bony fishes

Question 14

What makes jawless fishes unlike other fishes?

Answer 14

They have no jaws and no scales

Question 15

What are hinged bony structures that allow animals to open and close their mouth’s called?

Answer 15

Jaws

Question 16

What do jawless fish have instead of jaws?

Answer 16

Jawless fishes have mouths containing structures for scraping, stabbing, and sucking their food.

Question 17

What are jawless fishes skeletons made of?

Answer 17

Cartilage, a tissue that is more flexible than bone.

Question 18

What are the only two kinds of jawless fish that exist today?

Answer 18

Hagfishes and lampreys

Question 19

What are some characteristics of cartilaginous fishes?

Answer 19

The cartilagineus fishes have jaws and scales, and skeletons made of cartilage. The pointed toothlike scales are rougher than sandpaper!

Question 20

What are some examples of cartilaginous fishes?

Answer 20

Sharks, rays, and skates.

Question 21

Since most sharks cannot pump water over their gills what do they instead rely upon?

Answer 21

They rely on swimming or currents to keep water moving across their gills

Question 22

Are cartilaginous fish carnivores, herbivores, or omnivores? Give an example

Answer 22

Carnivores.
Rays and skates hunt on the ocean floor crushing mollusks, crustaceans, and small fish with their teeth. Sharks will attack and eat nearly anything that smells like food.

Question 23

Name three important facts about sharks?

Answer 23

They have a keen sense of smell, their eyesight is poor, and they have many rows of jagged teeth.

Question 24

What are the characteristics of bony fishes and give three examples.

Answer 24

A bony fish has jaws, scales, a pocket on each side of the head that holds the gills, and a skeleton made of hard bones. Trout, tuna, and goldfishes, are all examples of bony fishes

Question 25

Name the major structures of a bony fish.

Answer 25

Scales, fins, tail fin, swim bladder, gill cover, gills, heart, stomach, and anus

Question 26

What do the fins and tail fins do for the fish?

Answer 26

Fins help the fish stay upright in the water. Most of the fish’s swimming power comes from the tail fin.

Question 27

What is an internal, gas filled sac that helps the fish stay stable at different depths in the water?

Answer 27

A swim bladder

Question 28

What percent of bony fishes make up all fish species?

Answer 28

95%

Question 29

Where do you bony fish live?

Answer 29

They live in both saltwater and freshwater in. Some live in the dark depths of the ocean, while others live around coral reefs.