Chapter 4 Pt 2 Flashcards
Basic Trust
Erik Erikson - a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy, formed during infancy.
Imprinting
The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life.
Self-Concept
A sense of ones identity and personal worth.
Authoritarian Parents
Impose rules and expect obedience.
“Don’t interrupt” … “Because I said so”
Permissive Parentsp
Sub,it to their children’s desires, use little punishment.
Authoritative Parents
Both demanding and responsive
Adolescence (identity)
The transition period from childhood to adulthood extending from puberty to independence
Puberty
Period of sexual maturation, capable of reproducing.
Primary Sex Traits
Body structures - (ovaries, testies, external genetalia) that make sexual reproduction possible.
Secondary Sex Traits
Nonreproductive sexual characteristics, such as female breasts and hips, male voice quality and body hair.
Lawrence Kohlberg
Described the development of moral reasoning, the thinking that occurs as we consider right and wrong.
Preconventional Morality
Before age 9, they obey either to avoid punishment or gain concrete rewards.
Conventional Morality
By early adolescence, morality usually evolves to a more conventional level that cares for others and upholds law/social rules.
Ex: don’t pay taxes cause that supports war
Postconventional Morality
Affirms people’s agreed-upon rights or follows what one personality perceives as basic ethical principles.
Menarche
First menstrual period
Erik Erikson
Contended that each stage of life has its own psychosocial task, a crisis that needs resolution.
Identity
Ones sense of self
Intimacy
The ability to form close, loving relationships: late adolescent’s - early adulthood.
Menopause
The time of natural cessation of menstruation; the biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines
Alzheimer’s Disease
A progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language and physical functions.
Cross-Sectional Study
A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another.
Longitudinal Study
Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period.
Crystallized Intelligence
Ones accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age
Fluid Intelligence
Ones ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood.
Social Clock
The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood and retirement.
