Chapter 2 - Brain PT 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Medulla

A

The base of the brain stem - controls heartbeat and breathing.

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1
Q

Brainstem

A

The oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as if enters the skull; the brain stem is responsible for autonomic survival functions.

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2
Q

Reticular Formation

A

A nerve network in the brain stem that plays an important role in controlling arousal.

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3
Q

Thalamus

A

The brains sensory switchboard* located at the top of the brain stem, it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla.

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4
Q

Hippocampus

A

Linked to memory

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5
Q

Pons

A

Pathway for nerve bundles between cerebellum and cerebrum.

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6
Q

Cerebellum

A

“Little brain” - Processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance.

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7
Q

Limbic System

A

Associated with movements such as fear mad aggression and drives such as those for food and sex.

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8
Q

Amygdala

A

Components of Limbic system and are linked to emotion.

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9
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temp) helps control endocrine system via pituitary gland and is linked to emotion.

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10
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

The body’s ultimate control and information processing center.

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11
Q

Glial Cells

A

Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, ms protect neurons.

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12
Q

Frontal Lobes

A

Involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements.

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13
Q

Occipital Lobes

A

Includes the visual areas, ear h of which receives auditory information primarily from the opposite ear.

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14
Q

Parietal Lobes

A

Receives sensory output for touch and body position.

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15
Q

Temporal Lobes

A

Includes the auditory areas, each of which receives auditory information primarily from the opposite ear.

16
Q

Motor Cortex

A

Controls voluntary movements.

17
Q

Sensory Cortex

A

Registers and processes body touch and movement sensations.

18
Q

Association Areas

A

Involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking and speaking.

19
Q

Phineus Gage

A

Pole went through his head

20
Q

Aphasia

A

Impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca’s area or to wernicke’s area.

21
Q

Broca’s Area

A

Controls language expression - directs the muscle movements involved in speech.

Broken Language - Slurred Speech

22
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

Controls language reception - involved in language comprehension and expression.

If you say hola, I don’t understand

23
Q

Plasticity

A

The brains capacity for modification, as evident in brain reorganization following damage (especially in children) and in experiments on the effects of experience on brain development.

24
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

Large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them.

25
Q

Split Brain

A

A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the Corpus Callosum) between them.