Chapter 12 Flashcards
Instinct
A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
Motivation
A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.
Drive-Reduction Theory
A physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy a need.
Homeostasis
A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state.
Incentive
A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
Optimal Arousal Theory
Some motivated behaviors actually increase arousal.
Abraham Maslows
Hierarchy of Needs
Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological, Safety, Belongingness & Love, Esteem Needs, Self-Actualization
Glucose
The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues.
Set Point
The point at which an individual’s “weight thermostat” is supposedly set.
Basal Metabolic Rate
The body’s resting rate of energy expenditure
Anorexia Nervosa
An eating disorder in which a normal - weight person diets & becomes significantly underweight, yet still feeling fat, continues to starve.
Bulimia Nervosa
An eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually high-caloric foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise.
Alfred Kinsey
Sexual Motivation
Sexual Response Cycle
The four stages of sexual responding described by Masters & Johnson - Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm & Resolution
Refractory Period
A resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm.
Sexual Disorder
A problem that consistently impairs sexual arousing or functioning.
Estrogen
A sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males.
Testosterone
The most important of the male sex hormones
Sexual Orientation
An enduring sexual attraction toward members of either ones own sex (homosexual orientation) or the other sex (heterosexual orientation)
Flow
A completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminishing awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of ones skills.
Industrial- Organizational Psychology
The application of psychosocial concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.
Personnel Psychology
A sub field of I/O Psychology that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal && development
Organizational Psychology
A sub field of I/O psychology that examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change.
Structured Interviews (personnel)
Interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales.
Achievement Motivation
A desire for significant accomplishment
Task Leadership
Goal-orientated leadership that sets standards, organizes work and focuses attention on goals.
Social Leadership
Group-orientation leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, & offers support.
