Chapter 16 Flashcards
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of 3 key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity & impulsivity.
Psychological Disorder
Deviant, distressful, & dysfunctional behavior patterns.
Medical Model
The concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured.
DSM-5
American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
Phobia
An anxiety disorder marked by persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or stimulation.
Panic Disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror & accompanying chest pain, choking or other frightening sensations.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for 4 weeks or more after a traumatic experience.
Dissociative Disorders
Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts and feelings.
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder,
Mood Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. (Bipolar, Mania, Major depressive)
Mania
A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.
Bipolar Disorder
A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the over excited state of mania.
Schizophrenia
A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions and inappropriate emotions and actions.
Delusions
False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.
Personality Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patters that impair social functioning.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members.
Agoraphobia
A fear or avoidance of situations in which escape might be difficult or help unavailable when panic strikes.
Specific Phobias
Fear of a specific object.
Major Depression Disorder
A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, 2 of more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities.
Social Phobias
An intense fear of being scrutinized by others.
