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Alevel French Revolution > Chapter 4 - Devopments February 1787 - May 1789 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Devopments February 1787 - May 1789 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Assembly of Notables?

A

Feb - May 1787

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2
Q

Why did Louis call the assembly of notables?

A

To help with reform plans
To present and get support for Calonne’s plans

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3
Q

What did Louis expect out of the Assembly?

A

For people to abide by what he wanted and agree

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4
Q

What did the assembly actually do?

A

Very hostile to new plans on taking the church
Notables didn’t think the situation was bad enough

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5
Q

When was the last time such an Assembly had met?

A

1626

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6
Q

What did Calonne do in response?

A

Revealed Necker was wrong
Accused the Notables of letting self interest get in the way of change

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7
Q

What did the Notables then see Calonne as?

A

Example of the hated ‘ministerial depotism’

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8
Q

What year was Calonne forced to go?

A

1787

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9
Q

Who replaced Calonne?

A

Brienne

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10
Q

What changes did Brienne propose?

A

Changes to the army, navy, administration of govt + royalty
Tolerance to Protestants
Deregulated grain trade
Change corvée royale into tax
Extend provincial assemblies giving taxpayers the right to vote for these
Spread of education
Codification of the law
Abolishment of tax farming
Establish a central treasury

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11
Q

Who would oppose these changes?

A

The wealthiest

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12
Q

What lead to accusations of incompetence for Brienne?

A

The publication of accounts

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13
Q

What did the government say with the breakdown of trust?

A

‘No taxation without representation’

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14
Q

What did the Notables want?

A

A meeting of the Estates General

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15
Q

What did Louis do in return?

A

Dismissed the Assembly

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16
Q

What did Brienne have to resort to?

A

Borrowing a loan

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17
Q

What is the Estates General?

A

An Assembly that could be called by the King to discuss major issues that included the three different estates

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18
Q

Without the Assembly to endorse tax changes who did Brienne ask?

A

The parlements

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19
Q

What did he ask the parlements?

A

Land tax
Higher stamp duties

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20
Q

Why did they decline?

A

They benefitted from the system

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21
Q

What did the parlements want to do?

A

‘Speak for the nation’
Help against depotism

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22
Q

What did those aims resemble?

A

The Enlightenment

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23
Q

What did Brienne do to try and force the registration of the tax proposals?

A

Use the lit de justice

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24
Q

What is the lit de justice?

A

The compulsory registration of royal edicts

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25
Q

What did Paris Parlements do in July?

A

Refused this and petitioned to the King for an Estates General

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26
Q

Where did ordinary Parisians gather to support this?

A

The Palais-Royal

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27
Q

Whose home was it?

A

The kings liberal minded cousin

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28
Q

Where else had his cousin spoken out against Louis?

A

The Assembly of Notables

29
Q

What did Louis do to retaliate?

A

Banished the Parlement to Troyes

30
Q

What did the provincial parlements refuse to do?

A

Register the edicts

31
Q

What did Louis’ action increase?

A

Rioting in the streets of Paris

32
Q

What did Louis do as the financial crisis was growing?

A

Allowed the Paris Parlements to return in September

33
Q

What did Louis hold in November?

A

A ‘royal session’

34
Q

What happened to his cousin in the session?

A

He was exiled in the letters de cachet for being too outspoken

35
Q

What else happened in the royal session?

A

As royal troops surrounded more loans were approved through the lit de justice

36
Q

What did the parlements get for approving another Vingtième?

A

Louis was forced to have an Estates General

37
Q

When did Louis promise to have an Estates General by?

A

1792

38
Q

What were the ‘fundamental laws of the kingdom’?

A

Laws that couldn’t be changed even by royal demand

39
Q

What was needed for the ‘fundamental laws of the kingdom’?

A

An Estates General

40
Q

How did Louis respond?

A

Arrested more members
Planned to remove parlements’ powers

41
Q

What was the removal of the parlements’ powers known as?

A

The ‘May Edicts’

42
Q

What did the May Edicts say?

A

New people will be selected by the King
Legal work transferred to lower courts
Numbers of judges in PP reduced

43
Q

How were the edicts forced through?

A

Lit de justice

44
Q

What did this provoke?

A

An all-night protest session in the PP

45
Q

How did the provincial parlements add to the political breakdown?

A

Flooded the royal court with remonstrances

46
Q

How did the PP add to the political breakdown?

A

Wanted to end the letters de cachet + imprisonment without trial

47
Q

Who were political pamphlets attacking?

A

Brienne + Lamoignon

48
Q

Who added their voice for having an Estates General?

A

Assembly of Clergy

49
Q

What collapsed?

A

Royal authority

50
Q

Who lead or coordinated many sporadic risings?

A

Nobles

51
Q

What happened in Grenoble?

A

Royal troops who arrived to restore order had been pelted with stones or roof slates

52
Q

What day was this known as?

A

‘Day of tiles’
7 Jun 1788

53
Q

Why was Louis forced to call for an Estates General?

A

France couldn’t afford anymore loans
(Bankrupt)

54
Q

What did Brienne do?

A

Resigned
(MA request)

55
Q

Who was reinstated?

A

Necker

56
Q

Why was there debate about how the Estates General should be run?

A

Was there going to be equal representation of the Estates?
Should they meet separately or together?
Was there one vote per Estate?

57
Q

Why wasn’t it good to follow the same procedures as the last meeting in 1614?

A

It would work against the third estate

58
Q

What happened because of the disproportionate representation?

A

New enlightened leaders rose up

59
Q

What were the new enlightened leaders fighting for?

A

Fundamental rights

60
Q

What did the King and Necker do at the end of Dec 1788?

A

Gave the third estate double representation
But still 1 vote

61
Q

Who was frustrated at the lack of preparation for the Estates General?

A

Compte de Mirabeau

62
Q

Why did the Kings minister of foreign affairs refuse to see Mirabeau?

A

He had a dispute with Necker

63
Q

What society influenced the third estate to become more politicised?

A

Société des Trente - noble liberal reformers - Lafayette
Held meetings and made pamphlets

64
Q

What publication made the third estate more politicised?

A

Abbé Sieyes pamphlet - ‘What is the Third Estate?’
Wrote in simple language, encouraging for them to act like leaders

65
Q

How did the economic situation make the third estate more politicised?

A

Poor 1788 harvest
88% wages on bread

66
Q

Why were the Third Estate encouraged to voice their opinions?

A

They had to write a cahiers de doléances for discussion at the Estates General

67
Q

What were the Cahiers de Doléances?

A

Ledgers of complaints

68
Q

When did the elections take place?

A

At a time of economic discontent

Alevel French Revolution (24 decks)

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