Chapter 4 Defs Flashcards by Caroline Ippolito

adenoid/ectomy (ăd-ĕ-noyd-ĔK-tō-mē □):

excision of the adenoids

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adenoid/o

adenoid

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-ectomy:

excision, removal

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laryng/o

larynx (voice box)

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laryng/o/scope (lăr-ĬN-gō-skōp □):

instrument for examining the larynx

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-scope:

instrument for examining

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nas/o

nose

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nas/al (NĀ-zl □):

pertaining to the nose

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-al:

pertaining to

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rhin/o/rrhea (rī-nō-RĒ-ă □):

watery discharge from the nose

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-rrhea:

discharge, flow

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Allergies and a cold commonly cause

rhinorrhea.

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The flow of cerebrospinal fluid from the nose after an injury to the head may also cause

rhinorrea.

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pharyng/o

pharynx (throat)

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pharyng/itis (făr-ĭn-JĪ-tĭs □):

inflammation of the pharynx, usually as a result of infection

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-itis:

inflammation

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tonsill/o

tonsils

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peri/tonsill/ar (pĕr-ĭ-TŎN-sĭ-lăr □):

pertaining to the area surrounding the tonsils peri-

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-ar:

pertaining to

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trache/o

trachea (windpipe)

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trache/o/stomy (trā-kē-ŎS-tō-mē □):

creation of an opening into the trachea

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-stomy:

forming an opening (mouth)

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Tracheostomy provides and secures an

open airway.

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alveol/o

alveolus (plural, alveoli)

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alveol/ar (ăl-VĒ-ō-lăr □):

pertaining to the alveoli

-ar:

pertaining to

bronchi/o

bronchus (plural, bronchi)

bronchi/ectasis (brŏng-kē-ĔK-tă-sĭs □):

dilation of a bronchus or bronchi

-ectasis:

dilation, expansion

Bronchiectasis can be caused by

the damaging effects of a long-standing infection.

bronch/o

Bronchus

bronch/o/scope (BRŎNG-kō-skōp □):

curved, flexible tube with a light for visual examination of the bronchi

-scope:

instrument for examining

A bronchoscope helps examine the

bronchi or secure a specimen for biopsy or culture. It also can aspirate secretions or a foreign body from the respiratory tract.

bronchiol/o

bronchiole

bronchiol/itis (brŏng-kē-ō-LĪ-tĭs □):

inflammation of the bronchioles

-itis:

inflammation

pleur/o

pleura

pleur/itic (ploo-RĬT-ĭk □):

pertaining to pleurisy

-itic:

pertaining to

pneum/o

air; lung

pneum/ectomy (nū-MĔK-tō-mē □):

excision of all or part of a lung

-ectomy:

excision, removal

pneumon/o

pneumon/ia (nū-MŌ-nē-ă □):

inflammation of one or both lungs, usually as a result of infection

-ia:

condition

Pneumonia is caused primarily by

bacteria, viruses, and chemical irritants. Fluid, microorganisms, and white blood cells fill the alveoli and air passages, making breathing difficult.

pulmon/o

lung

pulmon/o/logist (pŭl-mŏ-NŎL-ŏ-jĭst □):

physician who specializes in treating pathological conditions of the lungs

-logist:

specialist in the study of

thorac/o

chest

thorac/o/pathy (thō-răk-ŎP-ă-thē □):

disease of the thorax or the organs it contains

-pathy:

disease

-algia

pain

pleur/algia (ploo-RĂL-jē-ă □):

pain in the pleura

pleur:

pleura

-dynia

thorac/o/dynia (thō-răk-ō-DĬN-ē-ă □):

pain in the chest

thorac/o:

chest

-ectasis

dilation, expansion

atel/ectasis (ăt-ĕ-LĔK-tă-sĭs □):

abnormal condition characterized by the collapse of the alveoli

atel:

incomplete; imperfect

Atelectasis is characterized by the

collapse of the alveoli, preventing respiratory exchange of CO2 and O2 in parts of the lungs.

-osis

abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)

cyan/osis (sī-ă-NŌ-sĭs □):

bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes

cyan:

blue

Cyanosis is caused by

deficiency of O2 in blood.

-osmia

smell

an/osmia (ăn-ŎZ-mē-ă □):

loss or impairment of the sense of smell, which usually occurs as a temporary condition

an-:

without, not

-oxia

hyp/oxia (hī-PŎKS-ē-ă □):

abnormally low level of O2 at the cellular level

hyp-:

under, below, deficient

In hypoxia, tissues have a

decreased amount of oxygen and cyanosis can result.

-phagia

swallowing, eating

aer/o/phagia (ĕr-ō-FĂ-jē-ă □):

swallowing air

aer/o:

air

-pnea

breathing

a/pnea (ăp-NĒ-ă □):

temporary cessation of breathing

a-:

without, not

Apnea may be a serious symptom, especially in patients with other potentially life-threatening conditions. Some types of apnea include

newborn, cardiac, and sleep apnea.

-spasm

involuntary contraction, twitching

pharyng/o/spasm (făr-ĬN-gō-spăzm □):

spasm of muscles in the pharynx

pharyng/o:

pharynx (throat)

-thorax

chest

py/o/thorax (pī-ō-THŌ-răks □):

accumulation of pus in the thorax

py/o:

pus