Chapter 4 Defs Flashcards
adenoid/ectomy (ăd-ĕ-noyd-ĔK-tō-mē □):
excision of the adenoids
- adenoid/o
adenoid
-ectomy:
excision, removal
laryng/o
larynx (voice box)
laryng/o/scope (lăr-ĬN-gō-skōp □):
instrument for examining the larynx
-scope:
instrument for examining
nas/o
nose
nas/al (NĀ-zl □):
pertaining to the nose
-al:
pertaining to
rhin/o/rrhea (rī-nō-RĒ-ă □):
watery discharge from the nose
-rrhea:
discharge, flow
Allergies and a cold commonly cause
rhinorrhea.
The flow of cerebrospinal fluid from the nose after an injury to the head may also cause
rhinorrea.
pharyng/o
pharynx (throat)
pharyng/itis (făr-ĭn-JĪ-tĭs □):
inflammation of the pharynx, usually as a result of infection
-itis:
inflammation
tonsill/o
tonsils
peri/tonsill/ar (pĕr-ĭ-TŎN-sĭ-lăr □):
pertaining to the area surrounding the tonsils peri-
-ar:
pertaining to
trache/o
trachea (windpipe)
trache/o/stomy (trā-kē-ŎS-tō-mē □):
creation of an opening into the trachea
-stomy:
forming an opening (mouth)
Tracheostomy provides and secures an
open airway.
alveol/o
alveolus (plural, alveoli)
alveol/ar (ăl-VĒ-ō-lăr □):
pertaining to the alveoli
-ar:
pertaining to
bronchi/o
bronchus (plural, bronchi)
bronchi/ectasis (brŏng-kē-ĔK-tă-sĭs □):
dilation of a bronchus or bronchi
-ectasis:
dilation, expansion
Bronchiectasis can be caused by
the damaging effects of a long-standing infection.
bronch/o
Bronchus
bronch/o/scope (BRŎNG-kō-skōp □):
curved, flexible tube with a light for visual examination of the bronchi
-scope:
instrument for examining
A bronchoscope helps examine the
bronchi or secure a specimen for biopsy or culture. It also can aspirate secretions or a foreign body from the respiratory tract.
bronchiol/o
bronchiole
bronchiol/itis (brŏng-kē-ō-LĪ-tĭs □):
inflammation of the bronchioles
-itis:
inflammation
pleur/o
pleura
pleur/itic (ploo-RĬT-ĭk □):
pertaining to pleurisy
-itic:
pertaining to
pneum/o
air; lung
pneum/ectomy (nū-MĔK-tō-mē □):
excision of all or part of a lung
-ectomy:
excision, removal
pneumon/o
??
pneumon/ia (nū-MŌ-nē-ă □):
inflammation of one or both lungs, usually as a result of infection
-ia:
condition
Pneumonia is caused primarily by
bacteria, viruses, and chemical irritants. Fluid, microorganisms, and white blood cells fill the alveoli and air passages, making breathing difficult.
pulmon/o
lung
pulmon/o/logist (pŭl-mŏ-NŎL-ŏ-jĭst □):
physician who specializes in treating pathological conditions of the lungs
-logist:
specialist in the study of
thorac/o
chest
thorac/o/pathy (thō-răk-ŎP-ă-thē □):
disease of the thorax or the organs it contains
-pathy:
disease
-algia
pain
pleur/algia (ploo-RĂL-jē-ă □):
pain in the pleura
pleur:
pleura
-dynia
??
thorac/o/dynia (thō-răk-ō-DĬN-ē-ă □):
pain in the chest
thorac/o:
chest
-ectasis
dilation, expansion
atel/ectasis (ăt-ĕ-LĔK-tă-sĭs □):
abnormal condition characterized by the collapse of the alveoli
atel:
incomplete; imperfect
Atelectasis is characterized by the
collapse of the alveoli, preventing respiratory exchange of CO2 and O2 in parts of the lungs.
-osis
abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)
cyan/osis (sī-ă-NŌ-sĭs □):
bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes
cyan:
blue
Cyanosis is caused by
deficiency of O2 in blood.
-osmia
smell
an/osmia (ăn-ŎZ-mē-ă □):
loss or impairment of the sense of smell, which usually occurs as a temporary condition
an-:
without, not
-oxia
O2
hyp/oxia (hī-PŎKS-ē-ă □):
abnormally low level of O2 at the cellular level
hyp-:
under, below, deficient
In hypoxia, tissues have a
decreased amount of oxygen and cyanosis can result.
-phagia
swallowing, eating
aer/o/phagia (ĕr-ō-FĂ-jē-ă □):
swallowing air
aer/o:
air
-pnea
breathing
a/pnea (ăp-NĒ-ă □):
temporary cessation of breathing
a-:
without, not
Apnea may be a serious symptom, especially in patients with other potentially life-threatening conditions. Some types of apnea include
newborn, cardiac, and sleep apnea.
-spasm
involuntary contraction, twitching
pharyng/o/spasm (făr-ĬN-gō-spăzm □):
spasm of muscles in the pharynx
pharyng/o:
pharynx (throat)
-thorax
chest
py/o/thorax (pī-ō-THŌ-răks □):
accumulation of pus in the thorax
py/o:
pus
