Chapter 2 Key Terms Flashcards
1.Anter/o
CF anterior/front
2.Caud/o
CF tail
3.Dist/o
CF far, farthest
4.Dors/o
back (of the body)
5.Infer/o
lower, below
6.Later/o
side, to one side
7.Medi/o
middle
8.Poster/o
back (of the body), behind, posterior
9.Proxim/o
near, nearest
10.Super/o
upper, above
11.Ventr/o
belly, belly side
1.Abdomen/o
abdomen
2.Cephal/o
head
3.Crani/o
cranium (skull)
4.Gastr/o
stomach
5.Ili/o
ilium (lateral, flaring portion of the hip bone)
6.Inguin/o
groin
7.Lumb/o
loins (lower back)
8.Pelv/i
pelvis
9.Spin/o
spine
10.Thorac/o
chest
11.Umbilic/o
umbilicus, navel
1.Body plane
imaginary flat surface that divides the body into two sections
2.Midsagittal plane
lies exactly in the middle of the body and divides the body into two equal halves
3.Coronal or Frontal plane
runs across the body from the right side to the left side and divides the body into anterior and dorsal portions4
4.Transverse (or horizontal) plane
runs across the body from the right side to the left side and divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions
1.Dorsal (posterior)
back (of the body)
2.Cranial
pertaining to the cranium; cranium (skull)
3.Spinal
pertaining to the spine
4.Ventral (anterior)
pertaining to the belly, belly side
5.Thoracic
pertaining to the chest
6.Abdomino-pelvic
??
7.Abdominal
pertaining to the abdomen
8.Pelvic
pertaining to the pelvis
1.Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
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2.Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
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3.Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
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4.Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
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1.Epigastric
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2.Umbilical
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3.Hypogastric
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4.Right hypochondriac
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5.Left hypochondriac
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6.Right lumbar
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7.Left Lumbar
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8.Right inguinal
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9.Left inguinal
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1.Adhesion ăd-HĒ-zhŭn
Band of scarlike tissue that forms between two surfaces inside the body and causes them to stick together; Adhesions develop when the body’s repair mechanisms respond to any tissue disturbance, such as surgery, infection, trauma, or radiation. Although adhesions can occur anywhere in the body, they form most commonly in the abdomen after abdominal surgery, inflammation, or injury
2.Inflammation
Protective response of body tissues to irritation, infection, or allergy; Signs of inflammation include redness, swelling, heat, and pain, commonly accompanied by loss of function
3.Septicemia sĕp-tĭ-SĒ-mē-ă
sptic - infection; emia - blood; Systemic disease caused by infection with microorganisms and their toxins in circulating blood; also called sepsis and blood poisoning; If a patient becomes “septic,” he or she will likely have low blood pressure leading to poor circulation. Septicemia can develop as a result of the body’s own defense system or from toxic substances made by the infecting agent (e.g., a bacterium, virus, or fungus).
4.Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)
Laboratory test of a body fluid placed on a culture medium to identify the cause of an infection (usually a bacterium) and a sensitivity test that determines which antibiotic drug will work best to treat the infection; A C&S test may be done on many different body fluids, such as urine, mucus, blood, pus, saliva, spinal fluid, or discharge from the vagina or the penis.
5.Endoscopy ĕn-DŎS-kō-pē
Visual examination of the interior of organs and cavities with a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope; Endoscopy can also help obtain tissue samples for biopsy, perform surgery, and monitor the course of a disease, as in the assessment of the healing of gastric ulcers. The cavity or organ examined dictates the name of the endoscopic procedure, such as gastroscopy and bronchoscopy. Use of a camera and video recorder is common to provide a permanent record.
6.Incision and Drainage (I & D)
Endoscopy can also help obtain tissue samples for biopsy, perform surgery, and monitor the course of a disease, as in the assessment of the healing of gastric ulcers. The cavity or organ examined dictates the name of the endoscopic procedure, such as gastroscopy and bronchoscopy. Use of a camera and video recorder is common to provide a permanent record.
7.AP (anteriorposterior)
??
8.LAT, lat (lateral)
??
9.CXR (chest x-ray)
??
10.Bx, bx (biopsy)
??
1.Chondr/o
CF cartilage
2.Cyt/o
CF cell
3.Hist/o
CF tissue
4.Nucle/o
CF nucleus
AP
anteroposterior
Bx, bx
biopsy
LAT, lat
lateral
LLQ
left lower quadrant
CT
computed tomography
CXR
chest x-ray, chest radiograph
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
LUQ
left upper quadrant
PA
posteroanterior; pernicious anemia; pulmonary artery; physician assistant
RLQ
right lower quadrant
RUQ
right upper quadrant
PET
positron emission tomography
US
ultrasound; ultrasonography
SPECT
single-photon emission computed tomography
