Chapter 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Question 1

Organic Chemistry

Answer 1

Study of carbon compounds

Question 2

Abiotic

Answer 2

Non living

Question 3

Isomers

Answer 3

One of several compounds with the same molecular formula but have different structures and therefore different properties

Question 4

Structural Isomers

Answer 4

One of several compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms

Question 5

Cis-trans Isomers

Answer 5

One of several compounds that have the same molecular formula and covalent bonds between atoms but differ in the spatial arrangements of their atoms owing to the inflexibility of double bonds; formerly called a geometric isomer

Question 6

Enantiomers

Answer 6

One of two compounds that are mirror images of each other and that differ in shape due to the presence of an asymmetric carbon

Question 7

Functional Groups

Answer 7

A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules involved in chemical reactions

Question 8

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 8

• An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed
• This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in the cell