Chapter 3

Question 1

Cohesion

Answer 1

The linking together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds

Question 2

Adhesion

Answer 2

The clinging of one substance to another, such as water to plant cell walls by means of hydrogen bonds

Question 3

Surface Tension

Answer 3

A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

Question 4

Specific Heat

Answer 4

The amount of heat a liquid must absorb or lose for 1 g of a substance to change its temperature by 1°C

Question 5

Heat of Vaporization

Answer 5

The quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state

Question 6

Evaporative Cooling

Answer 6

The process in which the surface of an object becomes cooler during evaporation, a result of the molecules with the greatest kinetic energy changing from the liquid to the gaseous state

Question 7

Solution

Answer 7

A liquid that is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

Question 8

Aqueous Solution

Answer 8

A solution in which water is the solvent

Question 9

Hydrophilic

Answer 9

Having an affinity for water

Question 10

Hydrophobic

Answer 10

Having no affinity for water; tending to coalesce and form droplets in water

Question 11

Acid

Answer 11

A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

Question 12

Base

Answer 12

A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

Question 13

Buffer

Answer 13

A substance that minimizes changes in the concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution