Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life Flashcards

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1
Q

Evolution

A
  • Change in a kind of organism over time

- Process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms

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2
Q

Fossil

A
  • Remains / impression of a prehistoric organism

- Preserved in petrified form or as a mold / cast in rock

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3
Q

Strata

A

Superimposed layers of rock

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4
Q

Paleontology

A

Study of fossils

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5
Q

Adaptation

A
  • Inherited characteristics of an organism

- Enhance their survival and reproduction in specific environments

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6
Q

Natural Selection

A

Process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits

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7
Q

Artificial Selection

A
  • Process in which individuals are selected and bred

- Species are modified over many generations because of it

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8
Q

Homology

A

Similarity resulting from common ancestry

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9
Q

Homologous Structures

A

Structures common to organisms with common ancestry sometimes with altered function

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10
Q

Vestigial Structures

A

Remnants of features that served a function in the organism’s ancestors

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11
Q

Evolutionary Tree

A

Diagram that reflects evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms

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12
Q

Convergent Evolution

A

Independent evolution of similar features in different lineages

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13
Q

Analogous

A

Describing features that share similar function but not common ancestry

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14
Q

Biogeography

A

The scientific study of the geographic distributions of species

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15
Q

Pangaea

A

Single, large continent about 250 million years ago

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