Chapter 4 - Animal Tissue, Organs and Systems

Question 1

What is insoluble?

Answer 1

Can not dissolve

Question 2

What is soluble?

Answer 2

Can dissolve

Question 3

What is an Enzyme?

Answer 3

A biological molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction.

Question 4

What is a Sphincter?

Answer 4

A ring of muscle that can open or close a tube

Question 5

What is a Pathogen?

Answer 5

A disease-causing microorganism

E.g a bacterium or fungus

Question 6

What is bile and where is it stored in the digestive system?

Answer 6

A green coloured liquid produced by your liver, stored in the gall bladder.

Released into the small intestine to help break down fats.

Question 7

What is Lipids?

Answer 7

Fats or oils, which are insoluble in water.

Question 8

What is defecation?

Answer 8

Removing solid waste from the body

Question 9

What are substrates?

Answer 9

The molecules on which an enzyme acts.

Question 10

What is the product?

Answer 10

The substances produced by an enzyme reaction.

Question 11

What is the lock and key hypothesis for enzymes?

Answer 11

A model that explains the action of enzymes.

Question 12

What is an active site?

Answer 12

The region of an enzyme that binds to its substrate.

Question 13

What is the meaning of denatured?

Answer 13

A permanent change to an enzyme as a result of extremes of pH or high temperature, which stop it working.

Question 14

What is an artery?

Answer 14

The blood vessel that carry’s blood away from the heart.

Question 15

What is a vein?

Answer 15

A blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart.

Question 16

What are capillaries (capillary) ?

Answer 16

Blood vessel that joins arteries and veins.

Substances pass through capillary walls to and from the surrounding cells.

Question 17

What is an atrium? (Plural atria)

Answer 17

The upper chamber of the heart, surrounded by a this wall of muscle.

Question 18

What are ventricles?

Answer 18

The lower chamber of the heart, surrounded by a thicker wall of muscle.

Question 19

What is deoxygenated?

Answer 19

Blood without oxygen.

Question 20

What is haemoglobin?

Answer 20

The protein in red blood cells that temporarily bind with oxygen to carry it around your body

Question 21

What is a oxyhaemoglobin?

Answer 21

The name given to a substance formed when haemoglobin in your red blood cells temporarily bind oxygen

Question 22

What is phagocyte?

Answer 22

A type of white blood cell that engulfs the pathogen.

Question 23

What is lymphocytes?

Answer 23

A type of white blood cell that produce antibodies to help plant pathogens together to make them easier to destroy

Question 24

What are antibodies?

Answer 24

A protein produced by lymphocytes that recognises pathogens and helps to clump them together

Question 25

What are platelets?

Answer 25

Small structures in your blood that fuse together to form a scab. They do this by releasing chemicals called clotting factors. they help blood clots.

Question 26

What are the components of blood?

Answer 26

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and blood plasma.

Question 27

What are Connery arteries?

Answer 27

Arteries that supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood.

Question 28

What is atherosclerosis?

Answer 28

A medical condition resulting from an unhealthy lifestyle that reduces the flexibility of our arteries.

Question 29

What is cholesterol?

Answer 29

An important biological molecule for cell membranes but leads to atherosclerosis if found in high levels in the blood.

Question 30

What is a heart bypass?

Answer 30

A medical procedure in which is section of less important artery is moved to allow blood to flow around the blockage in a more important one.

Question 31

What is a stent?

Answer 31

A small medical device made from mesh to keep arteries open.

Question 32

What is the meaning of being healthy?

Answer 32

Healthy is defined as a state of physical and mental well-being. Having a well balanced diet, regular exercise, reducing stress and seeking medical help for mental or physical difficulties.

Question 33

What is a milignant tumour?

Answer 33

A cancerous tumour that has spread to other parts of the body

Question 34

What is a benign tumour?

Answer 34

A non-cancerous tumour that does not spread.

Question 35

What is risk factor?

Answer 35

Any aspect of your lifestyle or substance in your body increases the rest of the disease developing.

Question 36

What is causation?

Answer 36

The act of making something happen

Question 37

What is correlation?

Answer 37

When an action and outcome are linked but the actions not necessarily cause the outcome.

Question 38

What is carcinogen?

Answer 38

A cancer-causing substance.