Chapter 4

Question 1

Bioenergetics

Answer 1

study of energy in the body

Question 2

metabolism

Answer 2

all the chemical reactions that occur in the body itself

Question 3

exercise metabolism

Answer 3

examination of bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and demands placed on the body during exercise

Question 4

carbohydrates

Answer 4

organic compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen which includes starches, cellulose, sugars. All are eventually broken down in the body to glucose as a source of energy.

Question 5

glucose

Answer 5

simple sugar made by body from carbohydrates, fat, and to a lesser extent protein; serves as body’s main source of fuel

Question 6

glycogen

Answer 6

complex carbohydrate molecule used to store carbohydrates in the liver and muscle cells. When energy is needed, glycogen is converted into glucose for use by muscle cells.

Question 7

fat

Answer 7

one of three main classes of food, serves as energy store.

Question 8

Triglycerides

Answer 8

chemical or subtrate form in which most fats exist in food as well as in the body

Question 9

protein

Answer 9

amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Question 10

gluconeogensis

Answer 10

formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids

Question 11

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 11

energy storage and transfer unit within cells of the body

Question 12

(EPOC) excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

Answer 12

state in which body’s metabolism is elevated after exercise

Question 13

B-oxidation

Answer 13

breakdown of triglycerides into smaller sub units, called free fatty acids (FFAs), to convert to enter Krebs cycle and lead to production of ATP