Chapter 3 Flashcards
Cardiorespiratory System
Cardiorespiratory system
system of body composed of cardiovascular and respiratory systems
Cardiovascular system
system of body composed of heart, blood, and blood vessels
Heart
hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood by means of rhythmic contraction
Mediastinum
space in chest between lungs that contains all internal organs of chest except lungs
sinoatrial node (SA node)
special area of cardiac tissue in right atrium of heart, initiates electrical impulses that determine heart rate (aka pacemaker of heart)
atrioventricular node (AV node)
small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers, in right atrium of heart, receives heart beat impulses from sinotrial node and directs them to walls of ventricles
atrium
superior chambers of heart that receive blood from veins, force it into ventricles
ventricle
inferior chambers of heart that receive blood from atrium and force it into arteries
stroke volume
amount of blood pumped out of heart with each contraction
Heart rate (HR)
rate at which heart pumps (beats per min)
Cardiac output (Q)
heart rate x stroke volume, the overall performance of the heart
Blood
fluid that circulates the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins
Blood vessels
network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout body
arteries
transport blood away from the heart
capillaries
smallest blood vessels
veins
vessels that transport blood from capillaries toward the heart
respiratory system
system of organs (lungs and passageways) that collects oxygen from external environment and transports to bloodstream
respiratory pump
composed of skeletal structures (bones) and soft tissues (muscles) that work together to allow proper respiratory mechanics to occur
inspiration
process of actively contracting inspiratory muscles to move air into body
expiration
process of actively or passively relaxing inspiratory muscles to move air our of body
diffusion
process of getting oxygen from environment to the tissues of the body
Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)
highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion
