Chapter 4: 4.2

Question 1

What must happen for an enzyme to catalyse a reaction?

Answer 1

Substrate must be near enzyme

Enzyme must be similar to the substrate

Question 2

What happens when the the temperature of a reaction environment increases?

Answer 2

Kinetic energy atoms increases

Atoms move faster and collide more

Question 3

What is the effect of increasing temperature in an enzyme-controlled reaction?

Answer 3

More frequent collisions between substrate and enzyme - this increases rate of reaction

Question 4

1. Define the temperature coefficient of a reaction

2. Refer to how this affects an enzyme-controlled reaction

Answer 4

1. A measure of how much the rate of reaction increases

2. Usually taken as two

Question 5

What type of molecule are enzymes?

Answer 5

Fibrous Proteins

Question 6

What happens to proteins at high temperatures?

Answer 6

1. Bonds vibrate more
2. As temperatures increase, vibration increases until
3. Breaking of bonds changes the primary structure of the protein
4. Enzyme change it has denatured

Question 7

How does denaturing affect an enzyme’s active site?

Answer 7

Enzyme’s active site changes shape

Question 8

How does denaturing of an enzyme affect the substrate?

Answer 8

Substrate can no longerreact with enzymes molecules and enzyme will stop functioning as a catalyst

Question 9

Define what ‘optimum temperature’ means

Answer 9

• Temperature at which the enzyme has the moves the fastest

- Varies

Question 10

What is the optimum temperature for enzymes inside of the homo sapiens of class mammalia and order primates body?

Answer 10

40°C

Question 11

What is the optimum temperature of enzymes in thermophilic bacteria (in hot springs)?

Answer 11

70°C

Question 12

What is the optimum temperature of enzymes in psychrophilic organisms (in cold regions e.g. the poles)?

Answer 12

> 5°C