Chapter 33-Noncoelomate and Pseudocoelomate Invertebrates

Question 1

What is in phyla porifera

Answer 1

sponges

Question 2

What are parazoa

Answer 2

Simple animals lacking tissues, most lack a definite symmetry (asymmetric)

Question 3

Larval sponges

Answer 3

Free swimming motile

Question 4

Adult sponges

Answer 4

remain attached-sessile

Question 5

How does water enter and exit a sponge

Answer 5

enters through ostia and exits osculum

Question 6

What is the mesohyl (middle layer) of a sponge made of

Answer 6

• spicules-needles of calcium carbonate or silica

- spongin-reinforcing tough protein fibers

Question 7

What are choanocyte

Answer 7

they engulf and digest food from passing water

-collar cells-move water through sponge; absorb nutrients

Question 8

How do sponges asexually reproduce

Answer 8

fragmentation-piece breaks off and attaches elsewhere to form new sponge

Question 9

Describe sexual reproduction in a a sponge

Answer 9

Hermaphrodite

• choanocytes transform into sperm
• captured and passed to egg cell in mesohyl
• development can occur in mother or in open water

Question 10

What layer of a sponge provides protection

Answer 10

Mesohyl

Question 11

What are Eumetazoa

Answer 11

All animals except sponges-distinct tissues

Question 12

what type of symmetry do Cnidaria exhibit

Answer 12

Radial symmetry

Question 13

What are organisms called with only 2 germ layers

Answer 13

diploblastic

Question 14

What are nematocysts

Answer 14

stinging cells found on tentacles of cnidarians

Question 15

What are the 2 forms of Cnidarians

Answer 15

Polyps: cylindrical and sessile
Medusa: umbrella-shaped and motile

Question 16

what does the gastrovascular cavity do for the cnidarian

Answer 16

gives it a hydrostatic skeleton to support itself with

Question 17

What are Anthozoans

Answer 17

Cnidaria
sea anemones, corals
-all polyps

Question 18

What are Cubozoa

Answer 18

Cnidarians

-box jellies, strong swimmers, fatal stingers

Question 19

What are hydrozoa

Answer 19

Cnidarians

• hydra, portuguese man of war
• both polyp and medusa forms, has freshwater members

Question 20

What are Syphozoa

Answer 20

Cnidarians

• Jellyfish
• ring of muscle allows for rhythmic contractions for propulsion

Question 21

What are staurozoa

Answer 21

Star jellies

-resembles a medusa in most ways but is attached to substrate

Question 22

Describe Phylum Ctenophora

Answer 22

Comb jellies
-radial symmetry
8 rows of fused cilia that beat in coordination
-bioluminescent

Question 23

What do Ctenophores use to capture prey

Answer 23

2 tentacles covered with Colloblasts

-discharge strong adhesive used to capture prey

Question 24

How are bilaterians classified

Answer 24

by their coelom

• acoelomates
• pseudocoelomates
• coelomates

Question 25

What phylum are flatworms in

Answer 25

Platyhelminthes

Question 26

Describe flatworms

Answer 26

Ciliated, bilaterally symmetrical, Acoelomates, many are parasitic

Question 27

What do Platyhelminthes lack

Answer 27

A circulatory system | -simple diffusion for gas transport

Question 28

what category are tapeworms in

Answer 28

Platyhelminthes

Question 29

how do tapeworms absorb their food

Answer 29

directly through body walls

Question 30

What do flame cells do for Platyhelminthes

Answer 30

help with excretion of fluids and other substances

Question 31

How do platyhelminthes reproduce

Answer 31

most are hermaphroditic, can undergo sexual reproduction asexual regeneration

Question 32

what are the 2 major groups of flatworms

Answer 32

Class Turbellaria-free living Neodermata-parasitic -class trematoda-flukes -class cercomeromorpha-tapeworms

Question 33

What is one of the most important trematode to human health

Answer 33

blood flukes

Question 34

How do tapeworms stay in the body

Answer 34

hang onto inner wall of host intestine using scolex

Question 35

Describe Phylum Acoelomorpha

Answer 35

Have primitive nervous system and lack digestive cavity | -once considered part of platyhelminthes

Question 36

Describe Cycliophora (phylum)

Answer 36

Acoelomates - live on mouthparts of claw lobsters - circular moith surrounded by ring of cilia

Question 37

What does the Pseudocoelomic fluid do

Answer 37

performs the fuctions carried out by a circulatory system in most coelomate animals

Question 38

What are in Phylum Nematoda

Answer 38

Nonsegmented, round worms | -marine, freshwater, parasites, free-living

Question 39

Nematode characteristics?

Answer 39

Bilaterally symmetrical and unsegmented | -Pseudocoelom

Question 40

How do Nematodes reproduce

Answer 40

Separate male and female worms | -smaller males have a hooked end

Question 41

Lifestyle of nematodes?

Answer 41

Many are active hunters | -others are parasites of plants and animals

Question 42

What are in Phylum Rotifera

Answer 42

Bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented pseudocoelomates - highly developed internal organs - conspicuous ring of cilia at anterior end used for locomotion and sweeping food into mouth