Chapter 31: The Americas in the Age of Independence Flashcards
What was Fatt Hing Chin’s story
He was a boring dude in China, who decided that it would be really fun if he went and became a gold miner in California. He went there, became usccessful,
After gaining Independence, what did the United States face the need to do?
To connstruct a machinery go government.
The rebellious colonists of the United States drafted what?
They drafted a constitution that entrusted responsibility for general issues to a federal government, reserved authority for local issues for individual states, and pushed for the admission of states
What did the Declaration of Independence promote, and what happened withit
It promoted equality of all people, but most states restricted that, and limited the amount of votes a man could get
While working to settle constitutional issues, residents of the United states also began to do what?
expand rapidly to the west
How did the United States get new lands?
Britain ceded alll of their lands to the United States after the American revolution so it was between the Appalachian Mountains and the Missisippi
Why did Napoleon his lands?
Because France needed money to protect itself, so he gave the Louisiana Territory
Who were the explorers who wanted to explore America
Louis Meriwether and William Clark
Westward Expanison brought settlers and government forces into conflict with who?
Indegenous people
Whose support did the Indigenous people have?
They had the support from the british,in Canada
What was some persecution of the Native Americans?
The Indian Removal Act of 1830-the United States government determined to move all the native Americans west of the Mississippi. The Trail of Tears.
Which Native American tribes possesed firearms?
Sioux, Comache, Pawnee
What weapons aided the US in the fight against the Native Americans?
Gatling Gun
What was one symbolic battle that took place with the US and the indegenous people?
It was the Battle at Wounded Knee Creek. In South Dakota. THe Sioux adopted the Ghost dance, that scared many American people. so, US cavalry forces chased the Sioux who were fleeing to safety in the South Dakota Badlands. A Sioux man accidently shot off a gun, which scared a lot of poepl
Westward expanison also generated tension between which two territories
Between the United States and Mexico
What did Mexico include during that time>
It included Texas, California, and NEw Mexico
New Mexcio is the American Southwest at this point
Texas declared independence from Mexcio in 1836, and the United States accepted the territory as a state in 1845. This rapidly escalated into the what?
Mexican- American War. It was known as la intervencon noteamericano, la guerra del 47
Treaty of Guadalupe:
United States took possession of approximately 1/2 of Mexico’s territories, paying a mere 15 million in exchange
How did Manifest Destiy create problems within the republic?
Slavery
- The Enlightenment ideal of equlity clearly suggested that the appropirate policy was to abolish slavery, but the framers of the Constitution recognized the sancity of private property including slaves
Why did slavery continue
Well, for starters, opponents had dreamed the institution would die iwth th decline of tobacco, but it rose with cotton and indigo
Missouri COmpromise of 1820
As the numbers of slaves grew, the anitslavery forces fought to limit the spread of slavery to new territories
The election of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency did what?
Ignited a spark between the states. Lincoln was an explicity sectional candidate that was convinced slavery was immoral and was commited to free terrtiories without slaves
Although slavery stood at the center of the conflict, the civil war revolved around issues such as
Nature of the Union, States rights as opposed to the federal government, and the imperatives of a budding industrial capitalist
What isolated the southern sates from the Union’s development?
The Cultivation of Cototn as a cash crop that had islated the southern states from the economic adevelopment s the rest o f the United States experieneced
What did products also explain about the south
most of the products they consumed were from Britian, so obvi..they didn’t think that they needed the other crops
Emancipation Proclamation
made the abolition of slavery an explicit goal of the war. So the southerners finally had something to fight for
Did Canada fight a war for indeoendence?
No. cause they are peacful.
How did Canada’s independence come about?
It came when the Canadians and the British government agreed on a general principal of autonomy. THe distinctiveness of the two dominant ethnic groups, the British Canadians and theFrench Canadians ensured that the process of building an independent society would not be smooth
What really subdued the people in Canada and caused them to come together?
Feers of US expansion
What was the history of Canada?
It was originally colnized by trappers and settler s form both Britain and Frnce, the colony of NEw France passed into the British Empire.
How was French culture incorporated into Cnada?
The Roamn Catholic church was recognized.
War of 1812
Ethnic divisions and political differences could easily of splintered canada, but the war of 1812 stimulated a sense of unity against an external threat
Why did the United States declare war on Great Britian?
Becase of encroachments on the US rights during the Napoleonic wars. Canada was one of the Front lines, nad hte British colony of Canada formed one of the front lines durig the war
Who was George Lambton?
Durham report, issued by him. e was the first earl of Durham and hte recent governor- general and lord high commissioner of Canada. He advocated self government
British Norht America Act of 1867 joined
Quebec, ontario, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswik and recognized them as teh Dominion of Canada. Other provinces joined the Dominion later.
What did each province have/
It had its own seat of government, provincial legislature and lieutenant governnor representing the British crown
What was teh Canadian Federal Government like?
It had a house of commons and an appointed seanate.
John A. Macdonald became the first prime minister of Canada, and he moved to incorporate all of…into the Domnion
British North American. He negotiated the Purchase of the Northwest Territories.
What did Simon Bolivar want?
He worked for the establishment of a large confederation that would provide Latin America with the political, military, and ecnomic strength to resist encroachment by foreign powes
What did the Creole elites do?
They established republics with written constitutions for the newly independent states of Latin America, yet constitutions were much more difficult to frame in Latin America, than in the United States
What did Latin America not have?
They did not have enough experience governing.Before gaining independence..
Creole elits dominated the newly independent states and effectively did what?
Prevented mass participation in public affairs. less than 5 percent of the male population was active in Latin American politics in the ninteenth century
What did Latin American elites divide themselves into?
Different camps as liberals or conservatives, centralists, or federalists, secularists,or Roman Catholics
What was one thing that elites agreed on?
The policy of claiming American land for agriculture and ranching. That meant pushing aside indegenous peoples and establishing htemselves there.
Where was conflict most intense?
It was most intese in Argentina and Chile
What did division and discord in the newly independent states help? (who)(
It helped the Caudilios or regional military leaders come to power in much of Latin America. The wars of independence had lasted well over a decade and they provided latin America with military heros
Juan Manuel de Rosas
ruled from 1829-1852 an Argentina bady divided between the cattle herding and guacho societies
Rosas emerged form the world of cattle ranching and th ehurban elite of ____ which city
Buenos Aires
What did Rosas call for?
He called for regional autonomy in an attempt to reconcile competing interests, but he worked to centralized the government he usurped.
What was Rosas called?
He was called the Argentine ENro and they accused him of launching a reign of terror to stifle opposition. One wrter compiled a chart that counted the number of his victims
What did Rosas do?
He restored order, in doing so, he made terror a tule of the government and he ruled as a despot through his own personal army
How did Rosas embody winning personality traits
He had his physical strength and machismo. Al
What did Caudillos do that gave rise to opposition>
Limited freedom and undermined republican ideals , it sometimes also gave rise to an opposition that aimed to over throw them
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