Chapter 3 - Major Internal Features Of A Neuron

Question 1

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

A system of folded membranes in the cell body; rough portions (those with ribosomes) play a role in the synthesis of proteins; smooth portions (those without ribosomes) play a role in the synthesis of fats.

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

The spherical DNA-containing structure of the cell body.

Question 3

Mitochondria

Answer 3

Sites of aerobic (oxygen consuming) energy release.

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

The clear internal fluid of the cell.

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

Internal cellular structures on which proteins are synthesized; they are located on the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 6

Golgi complex

Answer 6

The connected system of membranes that packages molecules in vesicles.

Question 7

Microtubules

Answer 7

Tubules responsible for the rapid transport of material throughout neurons.

Question 8

Synaptic vesicles

Answer 8

Spherical membrane packages that store neurotransmitter molecules ready for release near synapses.

Question 9

Neurotransmitters

Answer 9

Molecules that are released from active neurons and influence the activity of other cells.