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Medical Terminology > Chapter 3 - Body Structure > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Body Structure Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

integumentary system

A

consists of the skin and the accessory structures derived from it—hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands.

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2
Q

The body’s two main cavities (spaces)

A

dorsal and the ventral

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3
Q

dorsal cavity

A

on the back side of the body; divided into the cranial cavity, which holds the brain, and the spinal cavity, which holds the spinal cord.

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4
Q

ventral cavity

A

front side of the body; divided (and separated by a muscle called the diaphragm) into the thoracic cavity, which holds
the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, and the abdominal cavity, which holds the organs of the digestive and urinary systems. The bottom portion of the abdominal cavity is called the pelvic cavity. It contains the reproductive
system.

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5
Q

abdominal cavity

A

Body space between the abdominal walls, above the pelvis, and below the diaphragm.

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6
Q

cranial cavity

A

Space in the head that contains the brain.

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7
Q

diaphragm

A

Muscle that divides the abdominal and thoracic cavities.

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8
Q

pelvic cavity

A

Body space below the abdominal cavity that includes the reproductive organs.

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9
Q

spinal cavity

A

Body space that contains the spinal cord.

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10
Q

thoracic cavity

A

Body space above the abdominal cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels.

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11
Q

ventral cavity

A

Major cavity in the front of the body containing the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities.

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12
Q

anterior or ventral

A

at or towards front side of body

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13
Q

posterior or dorsal

A

at or towards back side of body

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14
Q

synalgia

A

“referred pain”; when internal pain is felt in an area that is not the actual source of the pain.

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15
Q

Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

A

On the right anterior side; contains main part of the liver, the gallbladder, and main parts of the pancreas and intestinal tract.

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16
Q

Right lower quadrant (RLQ)

A

On the right anterior side; contains the appendix, parts of the intestines, and parts of the reproductive organs in the female.

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17
Q

Left upper quadrant (LUQ)

A

On the left anterior side; contains the stomach, spleen, and small part of the liver, small bit of pancreas, and intestines.

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18
Q

Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

A

On the left anterior side; contains parts of the intestines and parts of reproductive organs in the female.

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19
Q

coronal plane

A

Imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions.

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20
Q

cross-sectional plane

A

Imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally.

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21
Q

deep

A

Away from the surface (of the body).

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22
Q

distal

A

Away from the point of attachment to the trunk.

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23
Q

epigastric region

A

Area of the body immediately above the stomach.

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24
Q

frontal plane

A

Imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions.

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25
Q

hypochondriac regions

A

Left and right regions of the body just below the cartilage of the ribs and immediately above the abdomen.

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26
Q

hypogastric region

A

Area of the body just below the umbilical region.

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27
Q

iliac regions

A

Left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone.

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28
Q

inferior

A

Below another body structure.

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29
Q

inguinal regions

A

Left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone.

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30
Q

lateral

A

To the side.

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31
Q

lateral plane or sagittal plane

A

Imaginary line that divides the body perpendicularly to the medial plane; Imaginary line that divides the body into right and left portions.

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32
Q

lumbar regions

A

Left and right regions of the body near the abdomen.

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33
Q

medial

A

At or near the middle (of the body).

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34
Q

medial plane or midsagittal plane

A

Imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

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35
Q

prone

A

Lying on the stomach with the face down.

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36
Q

proximal

A

At or near the point of attachment to the trunk.

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37
Q

superficial

A

At or near the surface (of the body).

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38
Q

superior

A

Above another body structure.

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39
Q

supine

A

Lying on the spine facing upward.

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40
Q

transverse plane

A

Imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally.

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41
Q

umbilical region

A

Area of the body surrounding the umbilicus.

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42
Q

Cephalic

A

(head)

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43
Q

Frontal

A

(forehead)

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44
Q

Orbital

A

(eye cavity)

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45
Q

Buccal

A

(cheek)

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46
Q

Mental

A

(chin)

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47
Q

Sternal

A

sternum area

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48
Q

Pectoral region

A

(chest)

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49
Q

Inguinal

A

(groin)

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50
Q

Coxal

A

(hip)

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51
Q

Umbilical

A

(navel)

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52
Q

Pedal

A

(foot)

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53
Q

Tarsal

A

(instep)

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54
Q

Crural

A

(leg)

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55
Q

Genital

A

(reproductive organs)

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56
Q

Digital

A

(finger)

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57
Q

Palmar

A

(palm)

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58
Q

Carpal

A

(wrist)

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59
Q

Antebrachial

A

(forearm)

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60
Q

Abdominal

A

(abdomen)

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61
Q

Antecubital

A

(front of elbow)

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62
Q

Brachial

A

(arm)

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63
Q

Mammary

A

(breast)

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64
Q

Axillary

A

(armpit)

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65
Q

Acromial

A

(point of shoulder)

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66
Q

Cervical

A

(neck)

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67
Q

Oral

A

(mouth)

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68
Q

Nasal

A

(nose)

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69
Q

Otic

A

(ear)

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70
Q

Occipital

A

(back of head)

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71
Q

Acromial

A

(point of shoulder)

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72
Q

Vertebral

A

(spinal column)

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73
Q

Dorsal

A

(back)

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74
Q

Cubital

A

(elbow)

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75
Q

Lumbar

A

(lower back)

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76
Q

Sacral

A

(between hips)

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77
Q

Gluteal

A

(buttocks)

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78
Q

Perineal

A

gooch

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79
Q

Femoral

A

(thigh)

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80
Q

Popliteal

A

(back of knee)

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81
Q

Plantar

A

(sole)

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82
Q

abdomin(o)

A

abdomen

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83
Q

acetabul(o)

A

cup-shaped hip socket

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84
Q

aden(o)

A

gland

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85
Q

adip(o)

A

fat

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86
Q

adren(o)

A

adrenal glands

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87
Q

alveol(o)

A

air sac, alveolus

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88
Q

angi(o)

A

vessel

89
Q

aort(o)

A

aorta

90
Q

appendic(o)

A

appendix

91
Q

arteri(o)

A

artery

92
Q

arteriol(o)

A

arteriole

93
Q

arthr(o)

A

joint; articulation

94
Q

aur(i), auricul(o)

A

ear

95
Q

blephar(o)

A

eyelid

96
Q

brachi(o)

A

arm

97
Q

bronch(o), bronchi

A

bronchus

98
Q

bucc(o)

A

cheek

99
Q

burs(o)

A

bursa

100
Q

calcane(o)

A

heel bone

101
Q

cardi(o)

A

heart; esophageal opening of the stomach

102
Q

carp(o)

A

wrist bones

103
Q

celi(o)

A

abdomen

104
Q

cephal(o)

A

head

105
Q

cerebell(o)

A

cerebellum

106
Q

cerebr(o)

A

cerebrum

107
Q

cervic(o)

A

neck; cervix

108
Q

cheil(o), chil(o)

A

lip

109
Q

chir(o)

A

hand

110
Q

chol(e), cholo

A

bile

111
Q

chondri(o), chondr(o)

A

cartilage

112
Q

col(o), colon(o)

A

colon

113
Q

colp(o)

A

vagina

114
Q

core(o)

A

pupil

115
Q

cortic(o)

A

cortex

116
Q

costi, costo

A

rib

117
Q

crani(o)

A

cranium

118
Q

cyst(i), cysto

A

bladder; cyst

119
Q

cyt(o)

A

cell

120
Q

dactyl(o)

A

fingers, toes

121
Q

dent(i), dento

A

tooth

122
Q

derm(o), derma, dermat(o)

A

skin

123
Q

duoden(o)

A

duodenum

124
Q

encephal(o)

A

brain

125
Q

enter(o)

A

intestines

126
Q

episi(o)

A

vulva

127
Q

gastr(o)

A

stomach

128
Q

gingiv(o)

A

gum

129
Q

gloss(o)

A

tongue

130
Q

gnath(o)

A

jaw

131
Q

gonad(o)

A

sex glands

132
Q

hem(a), hemat(o), hemo

A

blood

133
Q

hepat(o), hepatic(o)

A

liver

134
Q

hidr(o)

A

sweat

135
Q

histi(o), histo

A

tissue

136
Q

hyster(o)

A

uterus, hysteria

137
Q

ile(o)

A

ileum

138
Q

ili(o)

A

ilium

139
Q

inguin(o)

A

groin

140
Q

irid(o)

A

iris

141
Q

ischi(o)

A

ischium

142
Q

kary(o)

A

nucleus

143
Q

kerat(o)

A

cornea

144
Q

labi(o)

A

lip

145
Q

lamin(o)

A

lamina

146
Q

lapar(o)

A

abdominal wall

147
Q

laryng(o)

A

larynx

148
Q

linguo

A

tongue

149
Q

lip(o)

A

fat

150
Q

lymph(o)

A

lymph

151
Q

mast(o)

A

breast

152
Q

maxill(o)

A

maxilla

153
Q

medull(o)

A

medulla

154
Q

mening(o)

A

meninges

155
Q

muco

A

mucus

156
Q

my(o)

A

muscle

157
Q

myel(o)

A

spinal cord; bone marrow

158
Q

nephr(o)

A

kidney

159
Q

neur, neuro

A

nerve

160
Q

oculo

A

eye

161
Q

odont(o)

A

tooth

162
Q

onych(o)

A

nail

163
Q

oo

A

egg

164
Q

oophor(o)

A

ovary

165
Q

ophthalm(o)

A

eye

166
Q

opto, optico

A

eye; sight

167
Q

or(o)

A

mouth

168
Q

orchi(o), orchid(o)

A

testis

169
Q

osseo, ossi

A

bone

170
Q

ost(e), osteo

A

bone

171
Q

ot(o)

A

ear

172
Q

ovari(o)

A

ovary

173
Q

ovi, ovo

A

egg; ova

174
Q

ped(o), pedi

A

foot; child

175
Q

pelvi(o), pelvo

A

pelvic bone; hip

176
Q

pharyng(o)

A

pharynx

177
Q

phleb(o)

A

vein

178
Q

phren(o), phreni, phrenico

A

diaphragm; mind

179
Q

pil(o)

A

hair

180
Q

plasma, plasmo, plasmat(o)

A

plasma

181
Q

pleur(o), pleura

A

rib; side; pleura

182
Q

pneum(a), pneumat(o), pneum(o), pneumon(o)

A

lungs; air; breathing

183
Q

pod(o)

A

foot

184
Q

proct(o)

A

anus

185
Q

psych(o), psyche

A

mind

186
Q

pulmon(o)

A

lung

187
Q

pyel(o)

A

renal pelvis

188
Q

rachi(o)

A

spine

189
Q

rect(o)

A

rectum

190
Q

reni, reno

A

kidney

191
Q

rhin(o)

A

nose

192
Q

sacr(o)

A

sacrum

193
Q

sarco

A

fleshy tissue; muscle

194
Q

scler(o)

A

sclera

195
Q

sial(o)

A

salivary glands; saliva

196
Q

sigmoid(o)

A

sigmoid colon

197
Q

somat(o)

A

body

198
Q

sperma, spermato, spermo

A

semen; spermatozoa

199
Q

splanchn(o), splanchni

A

viscera

200
Q

splen(o)

A

spleen

201
Q

spondyl(o)

A

vertebra

202
Q

stern(o)

A

sternum

203
Q

steth(o)

A

chest

204
Q

stom(a), stomat(o)

A

mouth

205
Q

ten(o), tendin(o), tendo, tenon(o)

A

tendon

206
Q

test(o)

A

testis

207
Q

thorac(o), thoracico

A

thorax, chest

208
Q

thym(o)

A

thymus gland

209
Q

thyr(o)

A

thyroid gland

210
Q

trache(o)

A

trachea

211
Q

trachel(o)

A

neck

212
Q

trich(o), trichi

A

hair

213
Q

varico

A

varicosity

214
Q

vas(o)

A

blood vessel, duct

215
Q

vasculo

A

blood vessel

216
Q

veni, veno

A

vein

217
Q

ventricul(o)

A

ventricle

218
Q

vertebro

A

vertebra

219
Q

vesic(o)

A

bladder

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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