Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 1090 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Cytology means

A

the study of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Plasma Membrane functions

A

separates the inside from the outside of the cell

regulates traffic in and out of the cell

sensitivity to the environment

Give structural support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Plasma membrane components

A

Lipids: phospholipid bilayer and cholesterol

Channel proteins
carrier proteins
enzymes
anchoring proteins
Recognition proteins

Carbs: part of immune system, lubricants and adhesives, can ac as receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tonicity

A

is the relative concentration of solutes dissolved in solution which determine the direction and extent of diffusion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Isotonic solution

A

same number of solutes inside and outside the cell. Water is in equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hypotonic solution

A

The cytoplasm has too many particles for the solution Water goes INTO the cell, which swells up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

The extracellular solution has too many particles compared to the cell, so water LEAVES the cell which shrivels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of movement across the membrane

A

Passive transport

active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Passive transport

A

something that can geth through no problem. this doesn’t require energy. opening a channel protein use passive transport
ex: diffusion and osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Active transport

A

uses energy

get things to big or too water soluble across the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Types of endocytosis

A

Receptor-mediated endocytosis
pinocytosis
phagocytosis

Endocytosis depletes the plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

define receptor mediated endocytosis

A

Molecules bind themselves to receptors on the membrane of the cell and then bring both the receptors and the molecule in by endocytosis

Receptors only take in specific things, they are picky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Cell drinking,

takes in small solvated particles and liquids around the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Phagocytosis

A

how cells eat really big things

after taking it in it fuses with lysosomes to help break it down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What get exocytosed?

A

things the cell secretes like hormones or mucus
waste products form recycling damaged organelles

exocytosis Replenishes the plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cytosol/Cytoplasm

A

Fluid inside the cell

contains ions, proteins, organelles, contains all cell parts

17
Q

Organelles

A

“organs” of the cell

For ex: nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes etc.

18
Q

Nucleus

A

Control of metabolism, storage and processing of genetic info, control of protein synthesis

Contains nucleotides, enzymes, and chromatin(packages DNA)

19
Q

Ribosome

A

Made of rRNA and proteins
It translates RNA into protein
binds to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

20
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

2 types: rough and smooth

Rough: makes new proteins
Smooth: synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates

21
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Stacks of flatten membrane with central chambers

Function: cell’s post office;
take proteins made in rough ER, store, alter , and package them, then ship them out

22
Q

Mitochondria

A

powerhouse of the cell
look like little beans with folds in them
makes ATP

23
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

proteins organized in fine filaments or slender tubes

Function: Strength and support, movement of cellular structures and materials

24
Q

Lysosomes

A

Think Lysol kill bacteria

Garbage dump of the cell,
break down macromolecules,
intracellular removal of damaged organelles or pathogens

25
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Vesicles containing degradiative enzymes

Different type of garbage dump: They catabolize fatty acids and other organic compounds, and neutralize any toxic byproducts.

26
Q

Proteasomes

A

destroys proteins that don’t have a vesicle

look for damaged or abnormal intracellular proteins, then feed them through the tube to get the amino acid back

27
Q

Microvilli

A

Plasma membrane extensions containing microfilaments

increase surface area to aid absorption of extracellular materials

28
Q

Cillia

A

look like long whips

move things over the cells surface, they move stuff around

29
Q

Centrioles

A

bundles of microtubules

the place where microtubules grow

during cell division they move to the ends of the cell and move the chromosomes apart as a part of mitosis

30
Q

Making a protein steps

A

Transcription: makes the mRNA which copies

31
Q

Interphase

A

the time when a cell is growing rather than dividing 3 parts:
G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase

32
Q

G1 phase

A

Normal cell functions plus cell growth; duplication fo organelles, protein sythesis

33
Q

s phase

A

DNA is synthesized (copied so that when the cell divides, each daughter cell has a full set of DNA

34
Q

G2 phase

A

Growth and normal function of the cell after DNA synthesis. Centrioles also duplicate themselves. protein synthesis

35
Q

Mitosis

A 
for phases 
Prophase
Metaphase
anaphase
Telophase
cytokinesis

Anatomy 1090 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions