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Anatomy 1090 > Chapter 1 terms > Flashcards

Chapter 1 terms Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structure of the body

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2
Q

Physiology

A

study of the function of the body

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3
Q

Levels of organization of the body

A
  • Chemical (atom and molecule)
  • Cell
  • tissue
  • organ
  • organ system
  • organism
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4
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Things we can see with the naked eye

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5
Q

Gross anatomy:

- surface anatomy (define)

A

Study of the general form and superficial markings

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6
Q

Gross anatomy:

- Regional anatomy (define)

A

Study of all of the superficial and internal features in a specific region of the body

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7
Q

Gross anatomy:

- Systemic anatomy (define)

A

study of the structure of major organ systems

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8
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

things we nee magnification to see

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9
Q

types of anatomy that fall under Gross anatomy

A
  • surface anatomy
  • regional anatomy
  • systemic anatomy
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10
Q

Types of anatomy that fall under microscopic anatomy

A
  • Cytology anatomy

- histology anatomy

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11
Q

Microscopic anatomy:

- cytology (define)

A

study of the structure o f individual cells

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12
Q

Microscopic anatomy:

- Histology anatomy (define)

A

study of the tissue level of anatomical organization

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13
Q

List all of the body systems (12)

A
  • Integumentary system
  • Skeletal system
  • Muscular system
  • vascular system
  • lymphatic system
  • nervous system
  • respiratory system
  • digestive system
  • endocrine system
  • Renal/Urinary system
  • Male Reproductive system
  • Female reproductive system
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14
Q

Homeostasis

A

The body likes things to stay the same, and will adjust to keep things that way

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15
Q

Negative feedback

A

occurs when making a change sends a signal to undo the change

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16
Q

what is the anatomic position?

A

Standing upright arms down and palms forward, feet together

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17
Q

Appendicular

A

direction

means arms and legs ( the “appendages”)

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18
Q

Axial

A

Direction

means Trunk of the body (so everything except the arms and legs)

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19
Q

Anterior

A

Direction

means front

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20
Q

Posterior

A

Direction

means back

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21
Q

Ventral

A

Direction

means toward the chest and belly

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22
Q

Dorsal

A

Direction

means toward the back

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23
Q

Superior

A

direction

means up

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24
Q

inferior

A

direction

means down

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25
Q

Cephalic/cranial

A

Direction

means towards the head

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26
Q

Caudal

A

Direction

means towards the buttocks

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27
Q

superficial

A

Direction
near the surface of the body and can come in contact with things outside the body
Ex: rib cage is superficial to the heart

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28
Q

Deep

A

Direction
farther from the surface of the body
Ex: rib cage is deep to the pectoral muscles

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29
Q

External

A

direction

closer to the outside

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30
Q

internal

A

direction

more on the inside

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31
Q

proximal

A

direction
closer to the center
(mainly used for arms and legs)

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32
Q

distal

A

direction
further form the center
(mainly used for arms and legs)

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33
Q

lateral

A

direction

further out to the sides

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34
Q

medial

A

direction

closer to the center

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35
Q

supine

A

direction
body positioned face up

drink soup fine

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36
Q

Prone

A

Direction
body positioned face down

Soup “Prones” out of your mouth

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37
Q

Transverse plane

A

Horizontal cut

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38
Q

Sagittal plane

A

cuts the body into left and right halves

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39
Q

midsagittal/median plane

A

means the cut is right down the middle

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40
Q

Parasagittal plane

A

means we’re making a sagittal cut (into right and left), but it’s not right down the middle

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41
Q

Coronal/frontal plane

A

cuts the body into a front half and a back half

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42
Q

oblique plane

A

cuts the body at an angle

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43
Q

Region

in the direction of the head

A

Cephalic/Cranial Region

Axial Region

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44
Q

Cephalic/Cranial

A

Axial Region

in the direction of the head

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45
Q

Auricular

A

Axial Region

referring to the ears

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46
Q

Region

referring to the ears

A

Auricular Region

Axial

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47
Q

Region

Nose

A

Nasal Region

Axial

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48
Q

Nasal

A

Axial Region

Nose

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49
Q

Region

Mouth

A

Oral region

Axial

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50
Q

Cervical

A

Axial Region

Neck

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51
Q

Region

Neck

A

Cervical region

Axial

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52
Q

Thoracic

A

Axial Region

Chest (where ribs are)

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53
Q

Region

Chest (where ribs are)

A

Thoracic region

Axial

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54
Q

Pectoral

A

Axial Region

Front of the chest

55
Q

Region

Front of the chest

A

pectoral Region

Axial

56
Q

Axillary

A

Axial Region

Armpits

57
Q

Region

Armpits

A

Axillary region

Axial

58
Q

Mammary

A

Axial Region

Breasts

59
Q

Region

Breasts

A

Mammary region

Axial

60
Q

Sternal

A

Axial Region

around the sternum (breastbone)

61
Q

Dorsal

A

Axial region

back

62
Q

region

back

A

Dorsal region

Axial

63
Q

Scapular

A

Axial Region

Bony “wings” (shoulder blade)

64
Q

Region

Bony “wings” (shoulder blade)

A

Scapular region

Axial

65
Q

vertebral

A

Axial Region

spine

66
Q

Region

spine

A

Vertebral region

Axial

67
Q

Abdominal

A

Axial Region

your belly. Below the ribs/diaphragm, above the pelvis in front.

68
Q

Region

your belly. Below the ribs/diaphragm, above the pelvis in front.

A

Abdominal Region

Axial

69
Q

Pelvic

A

Axial Region

area around the pelvis, the bones you are sitting on (hips and buttocks)

70
Q

Axial Region

around the sternum (breastbone)

A

Sternal region

Axial

71
Q

Axial Region

area around the pelvis, the bones you are sitting on (hips and buttocks)

A

Pelvic region

Axial

72
Q

Deltoid

A

Appendicular Region

Shoulder

73
Q

Region

Shoulder

A

Deltoid Region

Appendicular

74
Q

Brachial

A

Appendicular Region

Arm

75
Q

Region

Arm

A

Brachial Region

Appendicular

76
Q

Antecubital

A

Appendicular Region

Front crease elbow (inside)

77
Q

Region

Front crease elbow (inside)

A

Antecubital Region

Appendicular

78
Q

Olecranal

A

Appendicular Region

Back/point of elbow

79
Q

Region

Back/point of elbow

A

Olecranal Region

Appendicular

80
Q

Antebrachial

A

Appendicular region

forearm

81
Q

region

forearm

A

Antebrachial Region

Appendicular

82
Q

Manus

A

Appendicular Region

hand

83
Q

Region

hand

A

manus Region

Appendicular

84
Q

Carpal

A

Appendicular Region

wrist

85
Q

Region

wrist

A

Carpal Region

Appendicular

86
Q

Dorsum of hand

A

Appendicular region

back of the hand

87
Q

region

back of the hand

A

Dorsum of hand Region

Appendicular

88
Q

Palmar

A

Appendicular region

Palm of the hand

89
Q

region

Palm of the hand

A

Palmar region

Appendicular

90
Q

digital

A

Appendicular region

fingers

91
Q

region

fingers

A

digital region

Appendicular

92
Q

pollex

A

Appendicular region

thumb

93
Q

region

thumb

A

pollex region

Appendicular

94
Q

Gluteal

A

Appendicular Region

buttocks

95
Q

Region

buttocks

A

gluteal region

Appendicular

96
Q

Coxal

A

Appendicular Region

Another word for pelvic/hip

97
Q

Region

Another word for pelvic/hip

A

Coxal region

Appendicular

98
Q

Femoral

A

Appendicular Region

upper leg

99
Q

Region

upper leg

A

Femoral region

Appendicular

100
Q

patellar

A

Appendicular Region

kneecaps

101
Q

Region

kneecaps

A

patellar region

Appendicular

102
Q

popliteal

A

Appendicular Region

back of the knee

103
Q

Region

back of the knee

A

popliteal region

Appendicular

104
Q

Crural

A

Appendicular Region

shin

105
Q

Region

shin

A

Crural region

Appendicular

106
Q

Sural

A

Appendicular Region

Calf of the leg (back of lower leg)

107
Q

Region

Calf of the leg (back of lower leg)

A

Sural region

Appendicular

108
Q

Pes

A

Appendicular Region

Foot (including ankle)

109
Q

Region

Foot (including ankle)

A

Pes region

Appendicular

110
Q

Tarsal

A

Appendicular Region

ankle

111
Q

Region

ankle

A

Tarsal Region

Appendicular

112
Q

Calcaneal

A

Appendicular Region

Heel

113
Q

Region

Heel

A

Clacaneal region

Appendicular

114
Q

Dorsum of foot

A

Appendicular Region

Top of foot

115
Q

Region

Top of foot

A

Dorsum of foot region

Appendicular

116
Q

Plantar surface of foot

A

Appendicular Region

Side you stand on

117
Q

Region

Side you stand on

A

Plantar surface of foot region

Appendicular

118
Q

Digital

A

Appendicular Region

toes

119
Q

Region

toes

A

Digital region

Appendicular

120
Q

Hallux

A

Appendicular Region

Big Toe

121
Q

Region

Big Toe

A

Hallux Region

Appendicular

122
Q

Body cavities

A
  • empty spaces in your skeleton that your organs go into

- Closed, full of fluid, and lined with a thin layer of tissue called serous membrane

123
Q

serous membrane

A

thin layer of tissue in body cavities

124
Q

Visceral organ

A

internal organs that exist within body cavities

125
Q

List some visceral organs

A
  • Brain and spinal cord
  • lungs
  • heart
  • stomach
  • spleen
  • liver
126
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

Contains brain and spinal cord
made of 2 parts:
- Cranial cavity: contains brain
- vertebral cavity: contains spinal cord

127
Q

Contains brain and spinal cord

Made of 2 parts

A

Dorsal cavity

  • Cranial cavity: contains brain
  • vertebral cavity: contains spinal cord
128
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A 
Inside the ribcage
Contains:
- Pleural cavities: contain the lungs
- Pericardial cavity: contains the heart
- Mediastinum
129
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Contains brain

130
Q

Vertebral cavity

A

Contains spinal cord

131
Q

Pleural Cavities

A

Contains the lungs

132
Q

Pericardial Cavity

A

Contails the heart

133
Q

Mediastrinum

A

not really a cavity, it contains the big arteries and veins that go to the heart, the trachea, and the esophagus. Also surrounds and stabilizes the pericardial cavity

Anatomy 1090 (18 decks)

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