Chapter 26

Question 1

Demobalization

Answer 1

• sending home members of the army

- Helped decrease military spending by 2/3

Question 2

GI Bill of Rights

Answer 2

• eased the return of World War II veteransby providing education and employment aid
  
  • Paid for college tuition if veteran got into a school
  • Gave low interest loans to veterans to buy homes & start businesses
  • Increased industry and public works

Question 3

Baby Boom

Answer 3

• 27% increase in population by 1955
  - Increase in child births
  
  • More kids–> More support for growing economy

Question 4

Productivity

Answer 4

• the rate at which goods are produced or servicesperformed
  
  • Increases after WWII
  • Going from war-time economy to peacetime economy
    
    • Making instruments of war to making commercial products
  • Leads to many new innovations

Question 5

Taft-Hartley Act

Answer 5

• a law that restricted the power of laborunions
  
  • Anti-labor piece of legislation
  • Outlawed the closed shop
    
    • Place where only union members can be hired
  • Took away some of the rights that unions were give by the New Deal
  • Vetoed by Truman, but Congress overrode the veto

Question 6

Fair Deal

Answer 6

• President Truman’s program to expand NewDeal reforms
  
  • Grows social welfare system
  • Takes 1/3 of the US budget
  • Every president does this up until Reagan
  • For the American people (the poor)

Question 7

Interstate Highway Act

Answer 7

• 1956 law that authorized thespending of $32 billion to build 41,000 miles of highway
  
  • Connect Suburban areas to cities, and help w/ trade

Question 8

Sunbelt

Answer 8

• name given to the region of states in the Southand the Southwest
  
  • Many people migrated to Houston, Texas, and Los Angeles
  • Many jobs are available there

Question 9

Service Sector

Answer 9

• businesses that provide services rather thanmanufactured goods
  
  • Ex: Home cleaners
  • More people wanted to be lawyers after WWII

Question 10

Information Industry

Answer 10

• businesses that provide informationalservices
  
  • Help put computers in businesses (built and operated first computers)
    
    • Payrolls could now be done w/ computers

Question 11

Franchise Business

Answer 11

• to allow a company to distribute itsproducts or services through retail outlets owned byindependent operators
  
  • Have the same experience at the same place throughout the country
  • Point: serve as many people as possible
  • Ex: McDonalds

Question 12

Multinational Corporation

Answer 12

• companies that produce andsell their goods and services all over the world
  
  • Establish branches abroad
  • Ex: Coca-Cola, McDonalds

Question 13

AFL-CIO

Answer 13

• in 1955, the American Federation of Labor (AFL)and the Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO) laborunions united
  
  • Influence in Post-WWII era
  • More jobs–> more people in labor unions

Question 14

California Master Plan

Answer 14

• called for three tiers of higher education:research universities, state colleges, and communitycolleges, all of which were to be accessible to all of thestate’s citizens
  
  • Many people start moving to California (great schools like Cal-Berkley offered free tuition)
  • Residents of Cal didn’t have to pay for schooling

Question 15

Consumerism

Answer 15

• Americans buy things using credit cards (No longer use cash)
  - Borrow money and pay it back later
  
  • Leads to the creation of debit card
  • More power for buying
  • Financial institutions make more money cuz they lend money at interest
  • large-scale buying, much of it on credit

Question 16

Median Family Income

Answer 16

• measure of average family income
  
  • 1950s: Average 3300 a year
  • 1957s: Average 5400 a year
  • Leads to more spending cuz more money in pocket
  • Some families can buy above their means

Question 17

Nuclear Family Income

Answer 17

• ideal or typical household with a father,mother, and children
  
  • Traditional American family
  • Mom, dad, children (sometimes grandparents)
    
    • Changed now w/ gay couples, divorce

Question 18

Benjamin Spock

Answer 18

• Taught people how to raise your children?
  
  • Positive feedback, spoil them –> positive results
  • Didn’t believe in spanking

Question 19

Rock n Roll

Answer 19

• Counter-culture

- music originated in the gospel and blues traditionsof African Americans

Question 20

Elvis Presley

Answer 20

• First successful rock and roll artist
  
  • Showed up on the Ed Sullivan show
    
    • Refused to shoot from the waste down (too suggestive)

Question 21

Beatnick

Answer 21

• Similars to hippies
  
  • Boys grow hair longer (facial hair), sloppy appearance
  • Oriented towards the arts (poetry, music, movies..)
  • First use of drugs

Question 22

Innercity

Answer 22

• Urban America
  
  • Cities age, gross parts are known as the ghetto or slum
    
    • Crime is big (gang violence)

Question 23

Urban Renewal

Answer 23

• Tears down ghettos and builds homes, schools, fire stations
  
  • Would give out loans for people to start businesses
  • Drives away crime in that area, and then crime would shift somewhere else
    
    • Never ending (Chicago, LA, Boston, New York City)

Question 24

Termination Policy

Answer 24

• Involves Treatment of Native American
  
  • Native Americans were dependent on federal government
  • Attempt to Assimilate Native American back into American society
    
    • Make them like every other citizen