Chapter 14

Question 1

Steerage

Answer 1

-Third-class accommodations on a steamship, whichwere usually overcrowded and dirty

Question 2

Ellis Island

Answer 2

-Island in New York Harbor that served as animmigration station for millions of immigrants arrivingto the United States

Question 3

Angel Island

Answer 3

• Immigrant processing station that opened inSan Francisco Bay in 1910
• Where asian immigrants were processed

Question 4

Americanization

Answer 4

-Belief that assimilating immigrants intoAmerican society would make them more loyal citizens

Question 5

Melting Pot

Answer 5

-Society in which people of different nationalitiesassimilate to form one culture

Question 6

Nativism

Answer 6

-Belief that native-born white Americans are superiorto newcomers

Question 7

Chinese Expulsion Act

Answer 7

-1882 law that prohibited theimmigration of Chinese laborers

Question 8

Urbanization

Answer 8

• Expansion of cities and/or an increase in thenumber of people living in them
• 19th Century # of people living in cities increased dramatically
• People leave farms and go to cities for jobs

Question 9

Rural to Urban Migrants

Answer 9

• A person who moves from an agriculturalarea to a city

- Usually to find work

Question 10

Skyscraper

Answer 10

• A very tall building
• Built up so they could fit more people in cities
• Commercial businesses needed them
• Led to the developing of elevators

Question 11

Elisha Otis

Answer 11

• 1850s: Developed a safety elevator that would not fall if lifting rope broke
• Size of skyscrapers was no longer limited

Question 12

Mass Transit

Answer 12

• Public transportation systems that carrylarge numbers of people
• Usually in cities
• Above ground, but eventually moves below ground (subways)

Question 13

Suburb

Answer 13

• Residential areas surrounding a city

- Urbanization leads to growth of suburban areas

Question 14

Frederick Law Olmsted

Answer 14

• Landscape engineer
• Hired by Philadelphia to design Fairmount Park
• Also designed Central Park and other parks in major cities

Question 15

Tenement

Answer 15

• Multistory building divided into apartments tohouse as many families as possible
• Central bathroom
• Low rent housing that was affordable for immigrants

Question 16

Mark Twain

Answer 16

• Satirized American life in his 1873 novel The Gilded Age
• American society has a rotten core covered in gold
• Novelist
• Wrote many short stories
• Twains label stuck

Question 17

Gilded Age

Answer 17

• term coined by Mark Twain to describe thepost-Reconstruction era which was characterized by afaçade of prosperity
• Lots of growth in the USA
• Exploited workers and immigrants

Question 18

Conspicuous Consumerism

Answer 18

• purchasing of goods and servicesfor the purpose of impressing others
• Americans become consumers
• More products available at lower prices
• Bought many new products

Question 19

Mass Culture

Answer 19

-similar cultural patterns in a society as aresult of the spread of transportation, communication,and advertising

Question 20

Joseph Pulitzer

Answer 20

• Hungarian immigrant who fought in the Civil War
• Active in politics
• Started the newspaper called The World and the Evening World
• Wrote exposés so people would by the papers

Question 21

William Randolph Hearst

Answer 21

• Wrote Morning Journal

- Wrote exposés like Pulitzer

Question 22

Horatio Alger

Answer 22

-Wrote about characters who succeeded from hard work

Question 23

Vaudeville

Answer 23

-type of show, including dancing, singing, andcomedy sketches, that became popular in the late nineteenthcentury

Question 24

New Immigrant

Answer 24

-Southern and Eastern European immigrantwho arrived in the United States in a great wavebetween 1880 and 1920