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US History II > Chapter 25 Flashcards > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Flashcards

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1
Q

Satellite State

A
  • independent nation under the control of amore powerful nation
    • Create a buffer between the West and Soviet Union
    • Ex: Poland, Hungary. Romania, Bulgaria (Under control of Soviet Union)
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2
Q

Cold War

A
  • Rivalry between Soviet Union and USA
    • 1945-1990
    • Berlin wall comes down and Soviet Union breaks up
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3
Q

Iron Curtain

A

-term coined by Winston Churchill to describethe border between the Soviet satellite states andWestern Europe

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4
Q

Truman Doctrine

A
  • President Truman’s promise to helpnations struggling against communist movements
    • Given to Turkey and Greece (give money)
      • Ensures they want become communist states
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5
Q

George F Kennan

A
  • Expert on Foreign policy
    • Don’t defeat communism, contain it (containment)
      • Provide economic aid
      • Military aid
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6
Q

Containment

A
  • policy of keeping communism contained withinits existing borders
    • Done w/ military and economic aid
    • Created by George F Kennan
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7
Q

Marshall Plan

A
  • foreign policy that offered economic aid toWestern European countries after World War II
    • Created by George Marshall
    • Done by USA (gifts)
    • Countries use the money to build their countries & embrace capitalism
      • Use American goods (reinvest into American economy)
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8
Q

Berlin Airlift

A
  • program in which U.S. and British pilots flewsupplies to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade
    • Russians cut off all access to West Berlin
    • USA flies supplies in (every 5 minutes) for a year
    • USA doesn’t let
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9
Q

NATO

A
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization
    • militaryalliance formed to counter Soviet expansion
    • Created to stop communism
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10
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

-military alliance of the Soviet Union and itssatellite states

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11
Q

Mao Zedong

A
  • Communist leader who opposes Jiang
    - Fights in a civil war w/ him
    • Supported by the Soviet Union
    • At one point was in an alliance w/ Jiang
    • Won the battle between him and Jiang
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12
Q

Jiang Jieshi

A
  • Nationalist leader in China, USA alley
    • Bring his people to Taiwan
    • Supported by USA
    • Lost the battle between him and Mao
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13
Q

38th Parallel

A
  • North Korea invades South Korea

- Border between North and South Korea

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14
Q

Douglas MacArthur

A
  • Leads the troops in Korea
    • WWII Hero
    • Wanted to drive invaders out of South Korea
    • Led a surprise attack on the port of Inchon (North Korea did not suspect it)
    • Wants to win the Korea war, but this could lead to WWIII
    • Fired by Truman
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15
Q

Limited War

A
  • Fought in Korea
    • war fought to achieve only specific goals
    • MacArthur wanted total victory
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16
Q

SEATO

A
  • Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
  • Created in Asia
    • defensivealliance aimed at preventing communist aggressionin Asia
17
Q

Arms Race

A
  • contest in which nations compete to build morepowerful weapons
    • During Cold War
18
Q

Mutually Assured Destruction

A
  • MAD
    • If one group uses bombs, the other group can too
    • policy in which theUnited States and the Soviet Union hoped to deternuclear war by building up enough weapons to destroyone another
19
Q

John Foster Dulles

A
  • Secretary of State for Eisenhower
    • Author of Massive Retaliation
    • Endorsed the President’s idea of what role USA should play in the world
20
Q

Massive Retaliation

A
  • policy of threatening to use massiveforce in response to aggression
    • Downside: Have to follow through with the threat
21
Q

Brinkmanship

A

-belief that only by going to the brink of warcould the United States protect itself against communistaggression

22
Q

Nikita Khrushchev

A
  • Dictator of Soviet Russia after Stalin

- Takes control of Soviet Russia until 1970s

23
Q

Nationalize

A
  • to place a resource under government control

- Example: Suez Canal Crisis w/ Egypt

24
Q

Suez Crisis

A
  • attempt by France and Great Britain to seizecontrol of the Suez Canal in 1956
    • Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal
    • Originally used by France & Britain
    • Treated the flow of Middle Eastern oil in Europe
25
Q

Eisenhower Doctrine

A
  • policy of President Eisenhower thatstated that the United States would use force to help anynation threatened by communism
    • Middle East (Oil)
26
Q

CIA

A
  • Central Intelligence Agency
  • U.S. intelligence gatheringorganization
    • Created to fight communism
    • Given tasks by Eisenhower to protect American interests
27
Q

NASA

A
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  • government agency that coordinates U.S. effortsin space
    • Created to compete with Russia
      • Released the first satellite into space (Sputnik 1)
28
Q

Red Scare

A
  • Paranoia of Communism spreading to the USA
    - fear that communists were working to destroythe American way of life
    • Led the Smith Act
29
Q

HUAC

A
  • House Un-American Activities Committee
    • congressionalcommittee that investigated possible subversiveactivities within the United States
    • Builded against communism
    • Used to figure out communist spies
30
Q

Hollywood Ten

A
  • Politicians attacked people in Hollywood who were communists
    • Led to many people committing suicide
    • group of movie writers, directors, and producerswho refused to answer HUAC questions about communistties
31
Q

Blacklist

A
  • People accused of being a communist by Politicians
    • list of persons who were not hired because of suspectedcommunist ties
    • Ex: Film makers
32
Q

Alger Hiss

A
  • Accused of being a communist/spy
    • Member of the state department
    • Lied during trial and was fired
    • Nixon was involved, and eventually became president
33
Q

Julius & Ethel Rosenberg

A
  • Worked in a building that did research on Nuclear Bombs
    • Gave information to the Soviet Union about the bomb
    • Janitors, not physicists
    • Jews w/ Children
    • Put on trial, sentenced to death (electric chair, treason)
34
Q

Joseph R McCarthy

A
  • Accused everyone of being communists (army)
    - Wanted to be put in the public eye
    • Senator from Wisconsin
    • Events were used to create the story the Crucible
35
Q

McCarthyism

A
  • Anti-Communist idea
    • Created by Joseph R McCarthy
    • negative catchword for extreme, recklesscharges of disloyalty
36
Q

Smith Act

A
  • Made it illegal to promote the over-throw of the USA government (aimed towards communists in USA)
    • People were arrested, tried, and jailed
  • Created because of the red scare

US History II (17 decks)

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