Chapter 25 Flashcards
Triple Alliance
Austria, Germany and Italy. Italy left the alliance when war broke out after Austria launched a war of aggression.
Triple Entente
Great Britain, France, and Russia alliance during and before the First World War.
Schlieffen Plan
German plan to attack throughout the middle of Belgium to defeat France fast but it failed.
total war
A war where the soldiers and civilians were blurred and the government controls everything in order to supply the armies with supplies and weapons.
Trench warfare
Where soldiers were behind trenches and barbed wire but the lives lost were staggering and there was minimal gains in territory.
February Revolution
Unplanned risings with violent street demonstrations in Petrograd, Russia that lead to abdication of the tsar and the establishment of a new government.
Petrograd Soviet
Huge meeting of about three thousand workers, soldiers, and socialists influenced by the revolutionary soviets in 1905.
Bolsheviks
Lenin’s radical part of the Marxist socialists which established a socialist regime in Russia.
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty of peace signed 1918 between central powers and Russia to get Russians out of WWI and gave a third of Russia’s population to the Central Powers.
War Communism
The start of centralized state control during Russian civil war. Bolsheviks took grain from peasants, made banks national, rationing, and made everyone work.
Treaty of Versailles
A peace treaty signed in 1919 to end war between Germany and the allied powers.
Fourteen points
Wilson’s calling for a diplomacy, a freedom of commerce and trade, establishment of the League of Nations, self determination.
League of Nations
Permanent international organization that was established during Paris Peace Conference made to protect member states from outside wars.
National self-determination
The notion that people should be able to choose their own governments through majority rule. Live free from outside interference in the nation-states.
war guilt clause
A part of the Treaty of Versailles that declared that Germany was responsible for the war costs including civilian damages and the war itself.
