chapter 23 - the respiratory system Flashcards
what are the organs of the respiratory system? (6)
nose pharynx larynx trachea bronchi lungs
what is the throat?
pharynx
what is the voice box?
larynx
what is the windpipe?
trachea
what is the upper respiratory system?
nose, nasal cavity, and pharynx
what is the lower respiratory system?
larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
how many lobes does the right lung have?
3
how many lobes nodes the left lung have?
2
what lines the thoracic wall?
parietal pleura
what covers the lungs?
visceral pleura
what increases surface tension between layers??
pleural cavity
what is inflammation of the membrane?
pleurisy (pleuritis)
what are the functional units of the lung?
alveoli
where does exchange of oxygen take place?
alveoli
what is extra fluid in space?
pleural effusion
what is pulmonary ventilation?
breathing
what is the moving of air in and out of the lungs?
pulmonary ventilation
what is the exchange of air between the atmosphere and alveoli?
pulmonary ventilation
what is the gas exchange between alveoli and blood?
external (pulmonary) respiration
what is the gas exchange between blood and body cells?
internal (tissue) respiration
what are the three main steps of respiration?
pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, internal respiration
what muscles are involved in deep, forceful inhalation?
SCM, scalene, and pectoralis minor
what is a normally passive process due to muscle relaxation?
elastic recoil of exhalation
what muscles are involved in forceful exhalation?
internal intercostals and abdominal muscles
what is normal breathing?
eupnea
what is shallow breathing (with rib movement)?
costal breathing
what is deep breathing?
diaphragmatic breathing
what is difficulty breathing?
dyspnea
what is rapid breathing?
tachypnea
what is slow breathing?
bradypnea
