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Somatic Studies Comp > chapter 13 - the spinal cord and spinal nerves > Flashcards

chapter 13 - the spinal cord and spinal nerves Flashcards

1
Q

where does the spinal cord run?

A

medulla oblongata to the conus medullaris

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2
Q

what is the spinal cord covered by?

A

meninges

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3
Q

what are the layers of the meninges?

A

dura mater, arachnoid matter, pia mater

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4
Q

what is the innermost layer of the meninges?

A

pia mater

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5
Q

what is the outermost layer of the meninges?

A

dura mater

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6
Q

what runs between the dura mater and the wall of the vertebral canal?

A

epidural space

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7
Q

what lies between the dura mater and arachnoid mater?

A

subdural space

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8
Q

what lies between the arachnoid and pia mater?

A

subarachnoid space

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9
Q

what contains cerebrospinal fluid?

A

subarachnoid space

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10
Q

what contains interstitial fluid?

A

subdural space

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11
Q

what is an extension of the pia mater?

A

denticulate ligament

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12
Q

where is the cervical enlargement located?

A

vertebrae c4-t1

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13
Q

where is the lumbar enlargement located?

A

t9-t12

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14
Q

what is the cone shaped end of the spinal cord?

A

conus medularis

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15
Q

what is the continuation of the conus medlars?

A

cauda equina

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16
Q

what is an extension of the conus (pia) connecting the inferior end fo the spinal cord to the coccyx?

A

filum terminalae

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17
Q

how many spinal nerves are there?

A

13

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18
Q

how many cervical nerves are there?

A

8

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19
Q

how many lumbar nerves are there?

A

12

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20
Q

how many lumbar nerves are there?

A

5

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21
Q

how many sacral nerves are there?

A

5

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22
Q

how many coccygeal nerves are there?

A

1

23
Q

what carries sensory information into the spinal cord?

A

posterior (dorsal) root

24
Q

what contains sensory axons?

A

dorsal root

25
Q

where does information leave the spinal cord?

A

anterior (ventral) root

26
Q

what contains motor axons?

A

ventral root

27
Q

what contains incoming sensory information?

A

posterior (dorsal) horn

28
Q

what contains somatic motor neurons?

A

anterior (ventral) horn

29
Q

where does autonomic motor neurons begin?

A

lateral horn

30
Q

what horn is found only in the thoracic and upper lumbar?

A

lateral horn

31
Q

where does sensory information go?

A

through the back

32
Q

where does motor information go?

A

out the front

33
Q

what is a cluster of nerve cell bodies in the PNS?

A

ganglion

34
Q

what is a cluster of cell bodies inside the CNS?

A

nucleus

35
Q

what is a bundle of axons located in the PNS?

A

nerve

36
Q

what is a bundle of axons inside the CNS?

A

tracts

37
Q

what forms the cervical plexus?

A

anterior rami of c1-c5

c3, 4, 5 keeps the diaphragm alive

38
Q

what forms the brachial plexus?

A

c5-c8, t1

39
Q

what plexus supplies the shoulders and upper limbs?

A

brachial plexus

40
Q

what makes up skin and muscle of the head and neck, superior part of the shoulders and chest, and diaphragm?

A

cervical plexus

41
Q

what is responsible for wrist drop?

A

radial nerve injury

42
Q

what is responsible for carpal tunnel?

A

median nerve injury

43
Q

what does the median nerve supply?

A

most of the flexors of the forearm

44
Q

what is responsible for claw hand?

A

ulnar nerve injury

45
Q

what causes scapular winging?

A

long thoracic nerve

46
Q

what forms the lumbar plexus?

A

l2-l4

47
Q

what forms the sacral plexus?

A

anterior rami of l4-l5 and s1-s4

48
Q

what is an area of skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair of spinal nerves?

A

dermatome

49
Q

what is a pathway that a nerve impulse follows to produce a reflex?

A

reflex arc

50
Q

what reflex causes contraction of skeletal muscle in response to stretching of a muscle?

A

stretch reflex

51
Q

what reflexes controls muscle tension by causing relaxation before muscle force becomes too great?

A

tendon reflex

52
Q

what reflex causes withdrawal of a body part in response to a painful stimulus?

A

flexor (withdrawal) reflex

53
Q

what causes contraction of a muscle opposite to the stimulus?

A

crossed extensor reflex

54
Q

what is a disorder of a dermatome?

A

shingles/herpes zoster

Somatic Studies Comp (24 decks)

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