chapter 13 - the spinal cord and spinal nerves

Question 1

where does the spinal cord run?

Answer 1

medulla oblongata to the conus medullaris

Question 2

what is the spinal cord covered by?

Answer 2

meninges

Question 3

what are the layers of the meninges?

Answer 3

dura mater, arachnoid matter, pia mater

Question 4

what is the innermost layer of the meninges?

Answer 4

pia mater

Question 5

what is the outermost layer of the meninges?

Answer 5

dura mater

Question 6

what runs between the dura mater and the wall of the vertebral canal?

Answer 6

epidural space

Question 7

what lies between the dura mater and arachnoid mater?

Answer 7

subdural space

Question 8

what lies between the arachnoid and pia mater?

Answer 8

subarachnoid space

Question 9

what contains cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 9

subarachnoid space

Question 10

what contains interstitial fluid?

Answer 10

subdural space

Question 11

what is an extension of the pia mater?

Answer 11

denticulate ligament

Question 12

where is the cervical enlargement located?

Answer 12

vertebrae c4-t1

Question 13

where is the lumbar enlargement located?

Answer 13

t9-t12

Question 14

what is the cone shaped end of the spinal cord?

Answer 14

conus medularis

Question 15

what is the continuation of the conus medlars?

Answer 15

cauda equina

Question 16

what is an extension of the conus (pia) connecting the inferior end fo the spinal cord to the coccyx?

Answer 16

filum terminalae

Question 17

how many spinal nerves are there?

Answer 17

13

Question 18

how many cervical nerves are there?

Answer 18

8

Question 19

how many lumbar nerves are there?

Answer 19

12

Question 20

how many lumbar nerves are there?

Answer 20

5

Question 21

how many sacral nerves are there?

Answer 21

5

Question 22

how many coccygeal nerves are there?

Answer 22

1

Question 23

what carries sensory information into the spinal cord?

Answer 23

posterior (dorsal) root

Question 24

what contains sensory axons?

Answer 24

dorsal root

Question 25

where does information leave the spinal cord?

Answer 25

anterior (ventral) root

Question 26

what contains motor axons?

Answer 26

ventral root

Question 27

what contains incoming sensory information?

Answer 27

posterior (dorsal) horn

Question 28

what contains somatic motor neurons?

Answer 28

anterior (ventral) horn

Question 29

where does autonomic motor neurons begin?

Answer 29

lateral horn

Question 30

what horn is found only in the thoracic and upper lumbar?

Answer 30

lateral horn

Question 31

where does sensory information go?

Answer 31

through the back

Question 32

where does motor information go?

Answer 32

out the front

Question 33

what is a cluster of nerve cell bodies in the PNS?

Answer 33

ganglion

Question 34

what is a cluster of cell bodies inside the CNS?

Answer 34

nucleus

Question 35

what is a bundle of axons located in the PNS?

Answer 35

nerve

Question 36

what is a bundle of axons inside the CNS?

Answer 36

tracts

Question 37

what forms the cervical plexus?

Answer 37

anterior rami of c1-c5 | c3, 4, 5 keeps the diaphragm alive

Question 38

what forms the brachial plexus?

Answer 38

c5-c8, t1

Question 39

what plexus supplies the shoulders and upper limbs?

Answer 39

brachial plexus

Question 40

what makes up skin and muscle of the head and neck, superior part of the shoulders and chest, and diaphragm?

Answer 40

cervical plexus

Question 41

what is responsible for wrist drop?

Answer 41

radial nerve injury

Question 42

what is responsible for carpal tunnel?

Answer 42

median nerve injury

Question 43

what does the median nerve supply?

Answer 43

most of the flexors of the forearm

Question 44

what is responsible for claw hand?

Answer 44

ulnar nerve injury

Question 45

what causes scapular winging?

Answer 45

long thoracic nerve

Question 46

what forms the lumbar plexus?

Answer 46

l2-l4

Question 47

what forms the sacral plexus?

Answer 47

anterior rami of l4-l5 and s1-s4

Question 48

what is an area of skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair of spinal nerves?

Answer 48

dermatome

Question 49

what is a pathway that a nerve impulse follows to produce a reflex?

Answer 49

reflex arc

Question 50

what reflex causes contraction of skeletal muscle in response to stretching of a muscle?

Answer 50

stretch reflex

Question 51

what reflexes controls muscle tension by causing relaxation before muscle force becomes too great?

Answer 51

tendon reflex

Question 52

what reflex causes withdrawal of a body part in response to a painful stimulus?

Answer 52

flexor (withdrawal) reflex

Question 53

what causes contraction of a muscle opposite to the stimulus?

Answer 53

crossed extensor reflex

Question 54

what is a disorder of a dermatome?

Answer 54

shingles/herpes zoster