chapter 10 - muscular tissue Flashcards
what type of muscle moves bones?
skeletal muscle
is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary?
voluntary
is skeletal muscle striated or non striated?
striated
what type of muscle forms the heart wall?
cardiac muscle
is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
what is found inside the walls of hollow organs, blood vessels, and airways?
smooth muscle
is smooth muscle striated or non striated?
non striated
is cardiac muscle striated or non striated?
striated
is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
what covers the muscle?
epimysium
what covers the fascicle?
perimyisum
what covers muscle fibers?
endomysium
what is the plasma membrane covering the cell?
sarcolemma
what is another name for cytoplasm?
sarcoplasm
what is another name for plasma membrane?
sarcolemma
what is a system of membraneous sacs that surround each myofibril?
sarcoplasmic reticulum
what is the functional unity of the myofibril?
sarcomere
what separates the sarcomeres?
Z disc
what is the line in the center of the sarcomere?
M line
what is the dark area containing thick and thin filaments?
A band
what is the light area containing only thin filaments?
I band
what is the center of A band that contains thick filaments only?
H zone
what stage of the sliding filament mechanism does the cross bridge occur?
second stage
what stage of the sliding filament mechanism does the power stroke occur?
third stage
what is the sliding filament mechanism for?
muscle contraction
what are the contractile proteins?
actin and myosin
what are the regulatory proteins?
troponin and tropomyosin
what is the synapse between a somatic motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber?
neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
what is another name for muscle fiber?
muscle cell
what is another name for neuron?
nerve cell
what is the communication point between the neuron and other cells type?
synapse
what is the chemical that the nerve releases that excites the muscle and causes contraction?
acetylcholine (ACh)
what is another name for the synaptic space?
synaptic cleft
what is composed of a motor neuron plus all of its muscle fibers that it innervates?
motor unit
what type of muscle has a high myoglobin content?
red muscle
what type of muscle has less myoglobin content?
white muscle
what type of muscle fibers would be good for weight lifting?
fast glycolytic fibers (FG)
what type of muscle fibers would be good for running a marathon?
slow oxidative fibers (SO)
what type of muscle fibers would be good for walking or sprinting?
fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers (FOG)
what type of muscle contraction is it when the muscle tension is great enough to overcome the resistance of the object to be moved?
concentric isotonic
what type of muscle contraction is it when the muscle tension is less than the resistance?
eccentric isotonic
what type of muscle contraction is the muscle shortening?
concentric isotonic
what type of muscle contraction is the muscle lengthening?
eccentric isotonic
what type of muscle contraction is it where the muscle force and resistance are equal?
isometric contraction
which muscle contraction results in no movement?
isometric contraction
what is the second stimulus that occurs before the muscle relaxes and the second contraction is stronger?
wave summation
