Chapter 23 LECTURE 8 PART II Flashcards
Middle-Aged Adult
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-What does regular physical activity increase?
life expectancy and quality of life
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-Why is exercise beneficial?
Becasue it helps prevent CDH, osteoporosis, hypertension, depression, and diabetes
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-What fraction of adults get enough exercise?
Only a small fraction of them
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-What are recommended options for exercise?
- Brisk walking
- Jogging
- Bicycling
- Swimming
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-How much time should be taken to exercise?
30 minutes every day for a total of 3-4 hours per week
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-What is key?
-Excerise should (increase/decrease) gradually
-Moderation
-Increase
SLEEP-REST PATTERN
-Middle-aged adults may get (more/less) sleep than who?
-Why?
-less; young adults
-due to a more demanding lifestyle
SLEEP-REST PATTERN
-What is a common finding with sleep?
insomnia
SLEEP-REST PATTERN
-What can insomnia result from?
-What do they need?
-excess caffeine
-a regular sleep-wake cycle in a 24 hour period
SLEEP-REST PATTERN
-What is rest essential for?
restorative function to occur
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-Does learning occur across the lifespan?
-What needs persist?
-what pushes the adults into numerous different learning situations?
-yes
-the need to acquire new knowledge or skills
-employment demands or new roles in life
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-The capacity to learn stays constant through what ages?
-What two things may decrease?
-35-65
-reaction time and cognitive flexibility
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-What is presbyopia?
-Does it occur naturally?
-What do they see better?
-farsightedness –> inability to see near
-Yes, so most people may need glasses
-At a distance
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-What are three theorists that are applicable to middle age?
- Piaget
- Bloom
- Havinghurst & Orr
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-What stage does Piaget say middle-aged adults are in?
-Does this continue throughout life?
-Formal operantional
-Yes
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-What did Bloom propose?
Heirarchy of cognitive levels in the adult learner
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-What did Havinghurst and Orr define?
basic tasks of living, which the adult must achieve to live successfully
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
-What are the 6 levels?
- Remember
- Understand
- Apply
- Analyze
- Evaluate
- Create
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
-What occurs during the first level: Remember?
Recognizing and recalling facts
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
-What occurs during the second level: Understand?
Understanding what the facts mean
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
-What occurs during the third level: Apply?
Applying the facts, rules, concepts, and ideas
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
-What occurs during the fourth level: Analyze?
Breaking down information into component parts
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
-What occurs during the fifth level: Evaluate?
Judging the value of information or ideas
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
-What occurs during the sixth level: Create?
Combining parts to make a new whole
HAVIGHURST DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
1. Helping children become….
2. Rediscovering or developing ____ in the relationship with one’s _____. For the single adult, this can occur in a relationship with a _____ or _____ ____
3. Developing an ____, but _____, relationship with ____ ____
4. Reaching the peak in one’s _____
5. Achieving mature ____ and ____ responsibility
6. Accepting and adapting to _____ changes
7. Maintaining or developing _____
8. Developing ______-_____ activities
- Responsible and contented adults
- Satisfaction; spouse; sibling; significant other
- Affectionate; independent; aging parents
- Career
- Social; civic
- Biological
- Friendships
- Leisure-time
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN THEORY: Levinson’s Theory
-What is Levinson’s theory on?
“individual life structures”
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN THEORY: Levinson’s Theory
-What does Levinson describe?
-What ages is the midlife transition?
-age-associated seasons
-38-40
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN THEORY: Levinson’s Theory
-Midlife transition includes what 3 things?
- Reppraising one’s life
- Integrating the polarities
- Modifying one’s life structure to move towards goals
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN THEORY: Levinson’s Theory
-Middle-aged adults struggle with what?
Meaning, value, and direction of their lives
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN THEORY: Erikson’s Theory
-What was Erikson’s Theory for the middle-aged adults?
Generatvity vs. stagnation
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN THEORY: Erikson’s Theory
-What is generativity?
A sense of productivity, creativity, and caring for others
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN THEORY: Erikson’s Theory
-What is stagnation?
Lack of accomplishment and self-absorption
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN THEORY: Erikson’s Theory
-Middle age is time of what?
critical self-review
LEVINSON’S FOUR TASKS OF MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
-What are the four tasks?
- Young-Old
- Destruction-Creation
- Masculinity-Femininity
- Engagement-Separateness
LEVINSON’S FOUR TASKS OF MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
-What is Young-Old
They seek new ways of being both young and old
LEVINSON’S FOUR TASKS OF MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
-What is destruction-creation
They acknowledge past hurtful acts, and try to leave a legacy for future generations
LEVINSON’S FOUR TASKS OF MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
-What is masculinity-femininity?
They balance masculine and feminine parts of self
LEVINSON’S FOUR TASKS OF MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
-What is engagement-separateness?
They balance engagement with and separateness from external world
SELF-PERCEPTUON-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN PHYSICAL & PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-Are physiological changes avoidable or unavoidable?
-What do some most obvious changes affect? Such as what?
-What does all of this depend on?
-Unavoidable
-self esteem
*gray hair, wrinkles, body changes
-self-satisfaction and level of acceptance
SELF-PERCEPTUON-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN PHYSICAL & PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-Women go through two things, what are they? Describe the second one.
-What are four things that happen?
-What is something that can help? It’s experienced limited use since what year?
-There is (a lot/little) scientific data on benefit of what?
-menopause & premenopause (period that precedes menopause & lasts four years)
1. mood swings
2. anxiety
3. fatigue
4. depression
-hormonal therapy; 2002
-little; alternate products
SELF-PERCEPTUON-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN PHYSICAL & PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-Men experience what what kinds of reactions to middle-age changes?
-Physical and psychological
ROLES-REALTIONSHIP PATTERN
-Middle age is frequently a time of what?
-Lifestyle choices may have what?
-What do they realize?
-They may be satisfied with what? What does this result in?
-reassessment
-unintended consequences
-inevitability of one’s death
-choices; personal satisfaction & contentment
ROLES-REALTIONSHIP PATTERN
-Empty nest syndrome may intensify if what?
Partners didn’t communicate or enjoy each other’s company without the children
ROLES-REALTIONSHIP PATTERN
-They have complex ___
-Examples?
-responsibilities
-family, work civic
ROLES-REALTIONSHIP PATTERN
-As the children are “launched” the parents have what?
uninterrupted time alone & time to share activities
ROLES-REALTIONSHIP PATTERN
-What is very important in middle-age?
-What is tied in with their work?
-They are (more/less) satisfied with their employment in comparison to who?
-work ethic
-self-identity
-more; young adults
ROLES-REALTIONSHIP PATTERN
-_____ and ____ responsibilities are often in conflict
-What roles are changing in comparison to previous generations?
-Give an example of it.
-Family and work
-roles of husband vs. wife
-Increased number of women in the workforce
ROLES-REALTIONSHIP PATTERN
-What is looming?
-What planning begins?
-What kind of changes may occur?
-Many work (longer/short)
-career clock
-preretirement planning
-mid-career changes
-longer
