Chapter 10 LECTURE 5 Part I Flashcards
Adolescence
What is the definition of adolescence?
To grow and mature
Adolescence is considered to be the bridge between what?
childhood and adulthood
-Adolescence is a ____ stage of development
-What is it characterized by?
-unique
-many physiological, cognitive, psychosocial, and sexual changes
What is the age range of adolescence?
12-20 years
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-What are the 5 developmental tasks in adolescence?
- Establishing a sense of identity
- Separation from family
- Career planning
- Establishing close peer relationships
- Intimacy
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-According to Erikson, what stage are they in?
Identity vs. role confusion
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-Establishing a sense of identity can only happen if what?
-Explain.
-The first four stages were done correctly (successfully passed)
1. Someone took care of them –> trust vs. mistrust
2. They developed the ability of autonomy –> autonomy vs. shame and doubt
3. Caregivers allowed them to take initiative –> initiative vs. guilt
4. They developed a strong sense of industry –> industry vs. inferiority
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-If the stages prior to this are _____, it can lead to an….
-unresolved
-identity crisis
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-In terms of establishing close peer relationships, what types of friendships are formed?
-Friends are necessary for what?
-lifelong relationships
-in order to grow and move onto the next stage
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
-What are the three phases & ages of adolescence?
- Early adolescence (10-13 years)
- Middle adolescence (14-16 years)
- Late adolescence (17-20 years)
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-Weight (gain/loss) is experienced?
-How does this show in females?
-gain
-hips, breasts, butt develop
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-What glands are more active?
-What can this result in?
-Sweat glands
-acne
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-What two things increase in size AND volume?
-stomach and intestines
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-(increased/decreased) appetite?
-Does food consumption increase or decrease?
-increased
-increase
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-What two aspects of the lungs increases?
-weight and volume
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-In terms of teeth, what kind of eruptions do you see?
eruption of molars, and often, wisdom teeth
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
-Improved ___-____ coordination occurs, as well as ____ function
-eye-hand
-motor
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
-How many minutes a day should the adolescent be active?
-At least ___ days per week should include ____ ____
-60 minutes
-3
-vigorous exercise
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
-What kind of sessions should exercise activites include?
warm-up and cool-down sessions
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
-What can strength training do?
increase muscle and bone mass
PUBERTY: Boys
-Puberty begins with ____ changes between the ages of what?
-hormonal
-10-13
PUBERTY: Boys + Girls
-What kind of characteristics appear during this time?
secondary sex characteristics
PUBERTY: Boys
-What is spermatogenesis?
the production of sperm
PUBERTY: Boys
-What is ejaculation?
The release of sperm during an orgasm
PUBERTY: Boys
-Most boys experience what?
-What is this?
-nocturnal emissions
-“wet dreams” –> they ejaculate semen during sleep
PUBERTY: Girls
-____ secretions begin to establish a pattern within a what?
-Typically, this pattern is ____-____ days apart
-Hormonal
-monthly cycle
-28-32
PUBERTY: Girls
-What is ovulation?
one egg reaches final maturity and is released from the ovary
PUBERTY: Girls
-What is menarche?
The very first menstrual period
PUBERTY: Girls
-What does the menstrual cycle consist of? (4)
- Maturing the egg in the ovary
- Formation of blood & mucus in the lining of the uterus
- Ovulation
- Expelling the unfertilized egg with the blood and mucous lining from the uterus
PUBERTY: Girls
-What is the most effective way to prevent an unwanted pregnancy?
-abstinence (avoiding sexual intercourse)
PUBERTY: Girls
-What two things can birth control also help with?
ance and regulating cycles
PUBERTY: Teen Pregnancy
-About _____ teenagers give birth each year, according to the ____
-400,000
-CDC
PUBERTY: Teen Pregnancy
-Why may teens seek sexual activity? (3)
- Coercion
- Peer pressure
- Curiosity
PUBERTY: Teen Pregnancy
-What is important BEFORE adolescence?
Sex education
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
-According to Piaget, what stage is the adolescent in?
Formal operational
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
-The formal operational stage consists of..
1. _____ and increased ______ of _____ processes
2. Adolescents can be what?
3. They may try to ______ rules, engage in ____ ____, or deny their own _____
4. They have a (better/worse) understanding of their own _____, leading to what?
- rapidity, complexity, thought
- self-absored and self-conscious
- manipulate, risky behavior, mortality
- better, strengths, more realistic career goals
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: Piaget’s Post Formal Operational Thinking
-The brain matures ____, but the ____ ___ is not yet fully _____
-What is the frontal lobe responsible for?
-further, frontal lobe, functional
-governing impulse control & risk-reward evaluation
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: Piaget’s Post Formal Operational Thinking
-What is desired? Why?
-Because of this, what do they need?
-Instant gratification; due to delayed maturation of the frontal lobe
-guidance
