Chapter 21 LECTURE 5 PART II Flashcards
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN
-What are the 5 competing factors?
- Ideal body
- Fast foods, soda pop, sweets, alcohol
- Peer pressure
- Activities requiring weight restriction
- Increased needs with growth spurt
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN
-What are two things about dietary intake?
- It is a way of gaining control AND exerting independence
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN
-Eating disorders are more common in who?
-Can they occur in males too?
-females
-yes
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN: Anorexia Nervosa
-What is it?
-We see them as ____ but they see themselves as _____
-Why does this tend to occur?
-distorted body image
-thin, overweight
-because they want to be in control of their life
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN: Bulimia Nervosa
-What is it?
High caloric intake then purge
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN: Binge Eating Disorder
-What was it?
Large amounts of food in a short period of time, but there is no purging component
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN
-Overweight and obesity occurs especially in what individuals?
Blacks, Natives, and Hispanics
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN- Type 2 Diabetes
-There is a(n) (increasing/decreasing) prevalence of it
-Risk increases with what?
-increasing
-obesity and inactivity
NUTRITIONAL-METABOLIC PATTERN
-What is needed for teens?
Individual wellness plans and reassurance about teens’ bodies
ELIMINATION PATTERN
-Their elimination patterns should be consistent with those found in who?
Adults
ELIMINATION PATTERN
-Renal and GI systems are what?
Functionally mature
ELIMINATION PATTERN
-______ ______ can occur with teens with eating disorders
Abnormal variation
ELIMINATION PATTERN
-Teens experience what kind of issues?
-Explain.
-privacy or self-protection
-they may inhibit normal elimination in public places, such as schools, which can lead to constipation
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-What is there an increase in?
-What does this allow them to do?
-lean muscle mass
-have increased strength/endurance
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-What should be taught?
-the importance of regular exercise
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-Many teens participate in what?
-What examination offers an opportunity for health teaching?
-What does this examination do?
-Organized sports
-Preparticipation sports examination
-It identifies risks, assesses health, and promotes healthy lifestyles
ACTIVITY-EXERCISE PATTERN
-What kind of injury is there a risk for?
-Explain
-What should the nurses do?
-Overuse injury
-The adolescent plays the same sport throughout the year or has insuficient rest between sports
-Work with coaches and athlete for a healthy appraoch to sports
SLEEP-REST PATTERN
-Adolescents need at least ___ hours of sleep per night
9
SLEEP-REST PATTERN
-What are the 5 common problems that lead to sleep deprivation?
- Multiple activites and responsibilites
- Those who have “too much on their plate”
- Staying up late and rising early for school
- Texting after bedtime is a major problem
- Cells phones, computers, texting (devices contribute)
SLEEP-REST PATTERN
-What can nurses do?
Help adolescents cope with balancing responsibilities
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-According to Piaget, what stage are they in?
-What does this lay the groundwork for?
-What are 2 adolescent behaviors/characteristics?
-formal operational
-abstract thinking
- Introspection (“Who am I?”) and reemergence of egocentrism
- Intolerance of “status quo”
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-According to Erikson, what stage are they in?
-What does this crisis involve?
-Threats to identity can result in what?
-identity vs. role confusion
-restaging of each of the previous stages of development
-delinquent behavior and mental health issues
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-What can idealism lead to?
rejection of traditional ideas
RISK TAKING BEHAVIOR
-Is this a major problem in adolescence?
-Give three examples.
-yes
- “I can get drunk on weekends and not develop a drinking problem”
- “I won’t get pregnant. I have had sex for 6 months and haven’t gotten pregnant yet”
- “I can take those turns at 60 miles per hour and not lose control”
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN
-What do they have a more sophisticated perception of?
-What do they develop?
-What are they able to do?
-time orientation
-the ability for future orientation (such as where they will go to college)
-delay immediate gratification to gain more satisfaction in the future
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN: Language
-What kind of increase do we see with adolescents?
-increased cognitive skills & understanding language
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTUAL PATTERN: Language
-What happens with receptive and expressive vocabulary?
-The use of cell phones leads to what?
-receptive and expressive vocabulary increase (receptive and expressive vocabulary are equal)
-slang, electronic communication
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN: Self perception and body image
-What is problematic in adolescence?
-What two things carry health risks?
-In terms of tattooing, what does it create a risk for?
-acne
-body art and piercings
-risk of HIV & hepatitis, as well as employment issues
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN
-What is brought to the forefront in teens?
-Why?
-self-esteem
- Peer pressure
- Societal norms and expectations
SELF-PERCEPTION-SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN
-What 3 things can help develop healthy choices?
- Anticipatory guidance
- Education
- Counseling
ROLES-RELATINSHIPS PATTERN
-Changing of roles can be what?
-What do adolescents strive for?
-What do their parents try to learn?
-stressful for the family
-increasing independence
-to “let go”
ROLES-RELATINSHIPS PATTERN: Peer and Peer Groups
-They are moving from a ____ in the family to a _____ of a group
-Peers and peer groups have what on the adolescent?
-What is problematic in urban and rural areas? Why may they join these?
-child, member
-a strong influence
-gangs; they get a sense of family and identity from the gang
ROLES-RELATINSHIPS PATTERN
-What are 3 positive strategies during this time?
- Willingness to listen
- Ongoing affection for & acceptance of teen
- Negotiation of limits
SEXUALITY-REPRODUCTIVE PATTERN
-What emerges?
-What kind of experimentation may they participate in? Explain.
-What kind of guidance can be provided? (3)
-secondary sexual characteristics
-sexual; heterosexual or same-sex activity
Guidance on…
1. Sexual decisions
2. Contraception
3. Sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention
SEXUALITY-REPRODUCTIVE PATTERN
-Adolescent pregnancy creats a high risk in what?
-It can have many ___ outcomes
-What two things can be affected?
-maternal/infant outcomes
-negative
-education and economics
SEXUALITY-REPRODUCTIVE PATTERN
-What are 2 hazards?
- Dating violence
- LGBTQ issues (homelessness & sex trafficking)
COPING-STRESS TOLERANCE PATTERN
-What is put to test in adolescents?
Their ability to cope
COPING-STRESS TOLERANCE PATTERN
-What percent of adolescents experience a major depressive episode by age 18?
-What are two types of disorders they can develop?
-13%
-Major depressive disorder and dysthymic disorders
COPING-STRESS TOLERANCE PATTERN
-What are things to watch out for?
-Has their prevalence increased or decreased?
- Depressed/irritatble mood
- Diminished interest & pleasure
-increased
COPING-STRESS TOLERANCE PATTERN
-What should nurses do in these situations? (depression)
- Assess for signs and symptoms of depression
- Refer for treatment
COPING-STRESS TOLERANCE PATTERN
-What percent of youths have considered suicide?
-Suicide is the ____ leading cause of death between ages ____-____ years
-What two things are essential?
-17%
-2nd; 10-24
-recognition of warning signs and prevention
COPING-STRESS TOLERANCE PATTERN
-___-___ without suicide is a concern
Self-injury
