Chapter 13 LECUTURE 9 PART I Flashcards
Late Adulthood
What ages are considered late adulthood/older adult?
65+
What ages are considered young old?
65-74
What ages are considered middle old?
75-84
What ages are considered old-old/oldest-old?
85-99
What ages are considered contenarian?
Over 100
HEALTH PROMOTION: Goals of Health People 2030
1. Increase what?
2. Focus on _____ and ____ behaviors
3. _____ prevention
4. Treatment of what?
5. Reduce the occurence of what?
6. Early _____ and ____ of _____
7. Promoting what?
- lifespan and quality of life
- wellness; healthy
- Illness
- Disease
- hip fractures
- diagnosis; management; dementia
- mobility and independence
HEALTH PROMOTION:
-What is the average lifespan?
-What are a few ways to increase lifespan? (4)
-77.5
-Activity, exercise, health promotion behaviors, vaccines, etc.
HEALTH PROMOTION:
-What are two things that can help reduce the occurance of hip fractures?
- Taking calcium supplements
- Safety measures (putting rugs in your home)
HEALTH PROMOTION:
-What happens in terms of their mobility?
Gait becomes unbalanced, so they may not walk steady
HEALTH CONCERNS
-The development of what is a health concern?
Osteoporosis
HEALTH CONCERNS
-What is there a risk for?
-Healing from this takes (less/more) time
-Falls and fractures
-More
HEALTH CONCERNS
-What is there poor awareness of?
healthy behavior options
HEALTH CONCERNS
-There is an increased risk of what illnesses?
-Why?
-influenza and pneumonia
-Lungs get older with age, so respiratory infections puts them at risk
HEALTH CONCERNS
-In terms of eyes, what can be developed?
Cataracts
HEALTH CONCERNS
-There is an increased what, in relation to the ears?
Loss of hearing
INCOME
-What are the 4 income sources for older people?
- Social security
- Pensions
- Personal assets
- Earnings
INCOME
-Medical expenses are usually covered by what?
-What kind of stability is important during this time?
-Medicare and private insurance
-economic
CHALLENGES & PROBLEMS
-What are 9 challenges and problems for older adults?
- Access to health care
- Reduced income
- Changes in living arrangements
- Caregiver assistance
- Altered nutritional needs
- Assitive devices
- Preventing falls
- Polypharmacy
- Elder or dependent adult abuse
CHALLENGES & PROBLEMS
-What is polypharmacy?
-This may lead to what?
-How may this happen?
-The regular use of multiple medications (5+) to treat chronic conditions
-taking duplicate medications, serious interactions, or unnecessary medications
-When an older adult seeks healthcare from multiple healthcare providers (pcp, ER, urgent care)
CHALLENGES & PROBLEMS
-How can nurses decrease polypharmacy?
through medication reconciliation –> checking ALL of the medications that the older adult is on & identify interactions or overdosing
CHALLENGES & PROBLEMS
-What is elder abuse?
infliction of harm or neglect through actions/acts of omission
CHALLENGES & PROBLEMS
-What can elder abuse be? (4)
- Physical
- Emotional
- Financial
- Include omission of personal rights
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO ERIKSON
-What stage are they in according to Erikson?
Integrity vs. Despair
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO ERIKSON
-What would integrity be?
The ability to look back on their life with a sense of accomplishment and fulfillment
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO ERIKSON
-What would despair be?
Looking back on life with feelings of regret, shame, or disappointment
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO ERIKSON
-What are older adults facing?
-Are those who feel integrity afraid of dying?
-Mortality
-No
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO ERIKSON
-The onset of this stage may be triggered by what?
Life events, such as retirement, loss of a spouse, the loss of friends, or facing a terminal illness
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO ERIKSON
-What two things do they do?
Reminisce & review their life
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO ERIKSON
-What is the basic virtue?
Wisdom
ERIKSON: INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR
-What leads to integrity?
The achievement of the previous seven crisis’
ERIKSON: INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR: Integrity
-They have a feeling that life has been what?
-This is accomplished by…
-well spent
-introspection and reminiscing
ERIKSON: INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR: Despair
-What kind of feeling is associated with this?
-What does despair increase feelings of?
-Making the wrong decisions in life
-Suicide
EGO INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR: Integrity
-What are 6 elements of integrity?
- Acceptance
- A sense of wholeness
- Lack of regret
- Feeling at peace
- A sense of success
- Feelings of wisdom
ERIKSON: INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR
-What are 7 elements of despair?
- Bitterness
- Regret
- Ruminating over mistakes
- Feeling that life was wasted
- Feeling unproductive
- Depression
- Hopelessness
PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES
-What happens to an older adult’s social network of friends? Why?
It usually narrows because of the death of peers
PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES
-What is important in terms of family?
Remaining an integral part of an extended family
PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES
-To enhance wellbeing, the older adult has a basic need for three things, what are they?
- Autonomy (self-direction)
- Competence (effective interactions)
- Relatedness (sense of belonging)
TASKS & CHALLENGES OF THE OLDER ADULT
-What 5 things must the older adult adjust to?
- Menopause
- Retirement and redirection of goals & energy
- Decreased income
- Grandparenting
- Reentry into the job market
GRANDPARENTING
1. What does grandparenting enhance?
2. What does grandparenting increase?
3. What does grandparenting create?
4. What does grandparenting contribute to?
- self-image
- activity level
- feelings of self-worth and usefulness
- the meaning and quality of life
GRANDPARENTING
-What happens when grandparents become ill or disabled?
The roles can reverse & the older adult needs more assistance
DRIVING SAFETY
-What may many adults over 65 have?
-What does this affect?
-early undetected impairments
-their safety on the roads
DRIVING SAFETY
-What two things can help maintain driving safety & delay loss of license?
Occupational and physical therapy
DRIVING SAFETY
-When can their license be taken away?
When driving is no longer safe
DRIVING SAFETY
-If alternate transportation is not offered, what feelings can arise? (4)
-What else could this affect?
- Isolation
- Loneliness
- Stagnation
- Depression
-their nutrition
