Chapter 20 Flashcards
Establishing a __ of __, which serves as a motivator during times of change, is essential to inspire the necessary teamwork, ideas, and eagerness to make sacrifices related to the change.
Change Management - Kotters 8-Step Model
Sense of Urgency
Once individuals feel that the change is necessary, their energy needs to be directed and guided so that the change process can begin. To do this, a manager will create the __** coalition by selecting and recruiting a team of individuals who will be capable of carrying out the change.
Guiding Coalition
A manager will need to create a __ vision to provide employees with a clear understanding of what the change is all about.
Change Vision
A manager must __ the vision so that all employees are able to see how the vision for change will affect and benefit them as an individual.
Communicate the Vision
A manager will then empower __-__ action by removing obstacles that block the change vision or disempower individuals with unrealistic and unattainable goals.
Broad-Based Action
Throughout the change process, planning for and generating __-__ wins is needed to maintain enthusiasm and momentum to keep the change initiative going.
Short-Term
Finally, in order to achieve true transformational change, the manager and organization must anchor changes within the organizational __ by monitoring the acceptance of change and how well the organizational culture is adapting to the change.
Culture
Action research, also known as __ research, is learning by doing in the sense that a group of workers identify a problem, develop a resolution, implement the solution and then analyze the final results.
Action-Research Process
Participatory
In this step of the Action-Research process, the actual problem is identified to promote the start of the action research.
Action-Research Process
Diagnosing
Action __ is the second step that constitutes alternative paths of action.
Action-Research Process
Action Planning
The third step is __ action, where a specific alternative is selected to solve the issue.
Action-Research Process
Taking Action
__ is the next step, where the action results are studied to see the overall impact.
Action-Research Process
Evaluating
The last step in the action research process is __ learning, where learning and results can be used to help future issues within the organization.
Action-Research Process
Specifying Learning
The six principles below are a part of what concept?
- Reflexive Critique
- Dialectical Critique
- Collaborative Research
- Risk
- Plural Structure
- Theory, Practice and Transformation
Six Principles of Action-Research
Action Research
__ critique is the need to take consideration of evidence-based information, such as reports and documents, and also reflective comments and observations made in a work setting to determine the actual situation.
Six Principles of Action-Research
Reflexive
__ critique is when two sides to an issue exist. The individuals are given time to promote their reasoning for the answer they believe is best.
Six Principles of Action-Research
Dialetical
The third key principle of action research is the idea of __ research. In this manner, all participants in the research have equally important views.
Six Principles of Action-Research
Collaborative
The fourth principle is concerned with __ and how individuals are afraid to give their opinions, thoughts and suggestions to affect any organizational change.
Six Principles of Action-Research
Risk
__ structure is the next principle of action research and deals with understanding that, due to collaborative effort, numerous different views and ideas will develop.
Six Principles of Action-Research
Plural Structure
The last principle is theory, __ and transformation and is concerned with how employees’ actions are based on assumptions and theories. Constant observation is needed to help understand actions and let the correct change occur.
Six Principles of Action-Research
Practice
Organizational __ is the process of helping organizations improve through change in policies, power, leadership, control, or job redesign.
Organizational Development
The main focus of what is to improve efficiency and effectiveness within the organization.
Orginizational Development
The 3 Main sections of Orginizational Development Theory?
1. Organizational Climate
2. Organizational __
3. Organizational Strategy
Culture
Climate, Culture, OR Strategies
Organizational __ refers to the overall mood of the company due to employee attitudes and beliefs.
Climate
