Chapter 2 - Personality In Sport Flashcards
1
Q
What is personality ?
A
- stable & enduring modifiable & dynamic aspects of life
- how you typically behave; personality can change
2
Q
What are the characteristics of personality?
A
- psychological core
- typical responses
- role-related behaviour
3
Q
What is psychological core?
A
- refers to how you act; it is constant
- it is difficult to change
4
Q
What is typical responses ?
A
- refers to how we act in most situations
5
Q
What is role-related behaviour ?
A
- refers to how we act in particular role; not how we typically act but the role requires it
- it is dynamic; meaning it easy to change
6
Q
What are biological models?
A
- can predict personality
- different body types can have different personalities
7
Q
What is somatotypes?
A
- somatotypes = basic body types
8
Q
What are the 3 types of biological models?
A
- ectomorph
- mesomorph
- endomorph
9
Q
What is an ectomorph ?
A
- thin, long limbs
- introverted
10
Q
What is a mesomorph?
A
- broader body
- can probably put on muscle mass easier
- extroverted, confident, energetic
11
Q
What is an endomorph ?
A
- rounder, softer body
- self-concisions, less motivated, could potentially be lazy, probably nice
12
Q
What is the psychodynamic approach?
A
- places an emphasis on unconscious determinants of behaviour
- created by Freud, Jung, & Erickson
13
Q
What are the 3 types of behaviour in the psychodynamic approach?
A
- id (intrinsic drives)
- superego
- ego
14
Q
What is id?
A
- means instinctive drives
- what a person needs to be at their best for any situation
15
Q
What is a super ego?
A
- the ethical component of the personality that provides the moral standards by which the ego operates
- ones moral conscience
16
Q
What is ego?
A
- component of the personality that is represented by our conscious decision-making process
- the conscious personality
17
Q
What is trait theories?
A
- Finite set of human attributes account for differences
- Groups people with similar patterns of traits into categories
- Fundamentally units of personality (traits) are relatively stable
18
Q
What are the 5 big personality traits?
A
- extraversion
- agreeableness
- neuroticism
- conscientiousness
- openness to experience
19
Q
What is extraversion ?
A
- a measure of how energetic, sociable and friendly a person is
- sociability; you like being around others
- a peoples person
20
Q
What is agreeableness ?
A
- a personality trait that describes a person’s ability to put others needs before their own
- interpersonal style; how you interact with others, or care about things
21
Q
What is neuroticism?
A
- the trait disposition to experience negative affects, including anger, anxiety, self‐consciousness, etc.
- psychological distress; poor coping
22
Q
What is conscientious?
A
- the personality trait of being careful or diligent
- well organized, accurate
23
Q
What is openness to experience?
A
- Being intellectually curious and thirsty for knowledge
- more creative, flexible behaviour
24
Q
What is profile mood states (POMS)?
A
- measures the dimensions of mood swings over a period of time
- tension/anxiety, anger, activity
- athletes score lower on negative mood states & higher on psychic vigor
25
Q
What is humanistic theories ?
A
- Self concept; how individuals define & evaluate themselves
26
Q
What is behavioural theories ?
A
- environmental or situational influences determine behaviour
- individual differences due to learned pattern of behaviour
- i.e., could be in a bad mood, then it finishes after a certain activity
27
Q
What is the international model?
A
- situation & person are co-determinants of behaviour
- i.e., competitive athletes will push themselves out of their comfort zone, whereas some may decide to challenge themselves to something easier
28
Q
What is risk taking?
A
- narrowing the margin of safety physically & psychologically
- higher physiological activation
- more so males, however females do
29
Q
What is sensation seeking?
A
- the willingness to take risks for seeking varied, novel, complex, & intense sensations & experiences
30
Q
What is perfectionism ?
A
- a multidimensional personality trait that influences thought, emotions, & behaviour
- pure personal standards perfectionism = low evaluate concerns perfectionism & high personal standards perfectionism
31
Q
What is mental toughness?
A
- a set of positive characteristics that allow the person to cope with challenging situations to attain important achievement goals
- very strong self-confidence & motivation
- maintain or regain focus amidst distraction
32
Q
What is psychological measures ?
A
- Know the principles of testing & measurement error
- know your limitations
- do not use psychological tests for team selection
- include explanation & feedback
