Chapter 16: Therapy Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychotherapy

A

Treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychologocial difficulties or achieve personal growth

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2
Q

Biomedical Therapy

A

Prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person’s physiology

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3
Q

Eclectic Approach

A

An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

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4
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences- and the therapist’s interpretations of them- released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight

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5
Q

Resistance

A

In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

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6
Q

Interpretation

A

In psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

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7
Q

Transference

A

In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions lined with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)

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8
Q

Psychodynamic Therapy

A

Therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insihgt

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9
Q

Insight Therapies

A

A variety of therapies that aim to improve a psychological functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses

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10
Q

client-Centered Therapy

A

A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate a clients’ growth. (Also called person-centered therapy)

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11
Q

Active listening

A

Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy.

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12
Q

Unconditional Positive Regard

A

A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance

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13
Q

Behavior Therapy

A

Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

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14
Q

Counterconditioning

A

A behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

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15
Q

Exposure Therapies

A

Behavior techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear or avoid)

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16
Q

Systematic Desensitization

A

A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias

17
Q

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy

A

An anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking

18
Q

Aversive Conditioning

A

A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)

19
Q

Token Economy

A

An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various priveleges or treats

20
Q

Cognitive Therapy

A

Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

21
Q

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

A

A confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people’s illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions

22
Q

Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

A

A popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

23
Q

Group Therapy

A

Therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction

24
Q

Family Therapy

A

Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members

25
Q

Meta-Analysis

A

A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

26
Q

Evidence-Based Practice

A

Clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences

27
Q

Therapeutic Alliance

A

A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client’s problem

28
Q

Psychopharmacology

A

The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

29
Q

Antipsychotic Drugs

A

Drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder

30
Q

Antianxiety Drugs

A

Drugs used to control anxiety and agitation

31
Q

Antidepressant Drugs

A

Drugs used to treat depression and some anxiety disorders. Different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters

32
Q

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized

33
Q

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

A

The application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity

34
Q

Psychosurgery

A

Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

35
Q

Lobotomy

A

A psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. the procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain

36
Q

Resilience

A

The personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma