Chapter 10: Intelligence Flashcards
Intelligence
Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge… to adapt
Intelligence Test
Method for assessing an individuals mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others on a numerical scale
Factor Analysis
Statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items… used to identify different dimensions of performance that underline… a score
Savant Syndrome
Condition in which a person otherwise limited in a mental ability has an exceptional specific skill
Creativity
The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas
Emotional Intelligence
Ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use given level of performanceemotions
Mental Age
Chronological age that most typically corresponds to a
Stanford-Binet
Widely used American revision (by Louis Terman at Stanford) of Binet’s original intelligence test
General Intelligence
General intelligence factor…underlies specific mental abilities and is … measured by every task on an intelligence task
Achievement Test
A test designed to assess what a person has learned
Aptitude Test
A test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance subtests
Standardization
Defined, meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group
Normal Curve
Symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes
Reliability
Extent to which a test yields consistent results… varified using two halves of a test, or retesting
Validity
Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it’s supposed to
Content Validity
Extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest
Predictive Validity
Success with which a test predicts the behavior it was supposed to predict… correlation and criterion
Intelligence Quotient
Ratio of mental age to chronological age.. average is 100
Crystallized Intelligence
Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age
Fluid Intelligence
Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood
Intellectual Disability
condition of limited mental ability indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound
Down Syndrome
Condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21
Stereotype Threat
Self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype
Grit
Drive to do something; motivation
Criterion
What at est measures/needs to measure
Flynn Effect
Increase in fluid and crystallized intelligence scores from the 1930’s
Central Executive
The part of working memory that controls all other parts of the memory; math and problem solving
Chronological Age
Biological age
Autism Spectrum Disorder
The different variations of Autism across a wide spectrum
G
Acronym for General Intelligence
WISC and WASC
Acronyms for different intelligence tests
WWI Army Test
Intelligence test to determine ability to be in the army
Prodigy
Someone who is exceptionally good at something
Primary Mental Abilities
LL Thurstone- explains almost all cognitive differences (Similar and basic intelligence) based on the 7 main intelligences
Objectivity
Criticizing/evaluating information
Normal Distribution
Normal bell curve
Skewed Distribution
A curve that leans one way on a standard deviation graph or scale
Eugenics
Belief that only the intelligent should breed
Mental Retardation
Old word for mental disability, current categorized based on IQ scores. Mild (50-70) Moderate (50-30) Severe (30-20) and Profound (anything less than 20)
Convergent Thinking
Giving correct answers to standard questions without creativity
Divergent Thinking
Thinking outside the box, creative answers
Multiple Intelligences
Many different types of intelligences (styles/abilities). The most common are the 8 (musical, visual, verbal, logical, bodily, etc)
Bell Curve Controversy
Intelligence in 68% and other standard deviations, always falls in a curve
Social Intelligence
Ability to get along well with others and get them to cooperate with others
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Sternberg’s model which says that the intelligences are analytical, creativity, and practical
Analytical Intelligence
Thinking abstractly and evaluating information
Practical Intelligence
Coping with current issues and concrete issues
Creativity Intelligence
Ability to invent novel ideas/solutions
Culture-Fair Test
A test that is equally fair to all cultural groups
Culture-Free Test
A test that doesn’t put anyone at a disadvantage as a result of their culture
Culture-Relevant Test
Modeled partly to be relevant to a chosen cultural context
Creativity Quotient
Measure of the score on a creativity test- measure of creativity
CQ
Acronym for Creativity Quotient
