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Medical Terminology > Chapter 16: Structure and Function of the Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chapter 16: Structure and Function of the Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q
A
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2
Q

the male sex cells, or _____ (plural, _____) or ______, is produced in the male gonads, or _____ (singular testis).

A

spermatozoon; spermatozoa; sperm; testes

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3
Q

the testes are also called ______ and are contained within the _____, a sac outside the body.

A

testicles; scrotum

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4
Q

the development of sperm (______) takes place in the scrotum, where the temperature is lower than inside the body.

A

spermatogenesis

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5
Q

Between the seminiferous tubules lie endocrine cells that produce _____, the most important male hormone.

A

testosterone

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6
Q

at the top part of each testis is the ______, a group of ducts for storing sperm.

A

epididymis

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7
Q

they leave the epididymis and enter a narrow tube called the ____ ____.

A

vas deferens

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8
Q

the sperm then travel to the seminal vesicles (which secrete material to help the sperm move) and to the ejaculatory duct leading to the _____ _____ and the urethra.

A

prostate gland

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9
Q

the prostate gland also secretes prostatic fluid, which provides a milky color to _____ (a mixture of sperm and secretions from the seminal vesicles, Cowper’s glands, and prostate), and helps the sperm move.

A

semen

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10
Q

just below the prostate are the two _____ _____ (_____ _____) that also secrete a fluid that neutralizes the acidity of the male urethra prior to ejaculation.

A

bulbourethral glands; Cowper’s glands

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11
Q

the urethra passes through the _____ to the outside of the body.

A

penis

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12
Q

the tip of the penis is called the ____ ____.

A

glans penis

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13
Q

between the penis and the anus is the area called the _____.

A

perineum

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14
Q

a sensitive area covered by the _____ (prepuce).

A

foreskin

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15
Q

the spermatozoon is a microscopic cell, much smaller than an ovum. It has a head region that carries genetic material (chromosomes) and a tail (____) that propels the sperm forward.

A

flagellum

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16
Q

during _____, hundreds of million of sperm forward.

A

ejaculation

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17
Q

andr/o

A

men

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18
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

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19
Q

epididym/o

A

epididymis

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20
Q

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o

A

testes

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21
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

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22
Q

scrot/o

A

scrotum

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23
Q

semin/o

A

semen

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24
Q

serm/o, spermat/o

A

sperm

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25
Q

vas/o

A

vessel; ductus deferens

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26
Q

inflammation of the testis is _____itis.

A

orch-

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27
Q

any disease peculiar to men to _____pathy.

A

andro-

28
Q

sperm production is _____genesis.

A

spermato-

29
Q

inflammation of the glans penis is _____itis.

A

balan-

30
Q

_____plasty is surgical repair of the epididymis.

A

epididymo-

31
Q

_____itis is inflammation of the prostate.

A

prostat-

32
Q

a medical checkup for males usually includes a ____-____ ____(PSA) ____, a blood test to screen for abnormal prostatic growth, which can be associated with prostate cancer.

A

prostate-specific antigen test

33
Q

if a couple is having fertility problems, a ____ ____ is done to determine the quantity and quality of the male partner’s sperm.

A

semen analysis

34
Q

x-ray or imaging procedures are used to further test for abnormalities or blockages. A _____ is an x-ray of the urethra and prostate.

A

urethrogram

35
Q

swelling of the breast tissue in males is _____. It may be caused by an imbalance of hormones, medications, and liver disease.

A

gynecomastia

36
Q

birth or developmental defects affect the functioning of the reproductive system. An undescending testicle (_____ or _____) means that the normal descending of the testicle into the scrotal sac does not take place during gestation and requires surgery to place it properly.

A

cryptorchism; cryptorchidism

37
Q

_____ or _____ is the lack of one or both testes.

A

anorchism; anorchia

38
Q

a _____ is a painless fluid-filled sac around one or both testicles that causes the scrotum to swell.

A

hydrocele

39
Q

_____ is an abnormal opening of the urethra on the underside of the penis.

A

hypospadias

40
Q

_____ is an abnormal opening on the top side of the penis.

A

epispadias

41
Q

the birth defect _____ is an abnormal narrowing of the foreskin over the glans penis (only in uncircumcised males)

A

phimosis

42
Q

as the male matures, infections and various other medical conditions may cause ______, an inability to produce enough viable sperm to fertilize an ovum or an inability to deliver sperm to the proper location in the vagina.

A

infertility

43
Q

_____ is the inability to produce sperm

A

aspermia

44
Q

______ is semen without living sperm

A

azoospermia

45
Q

_____ is the scanty production of sperm.

A

oligospermia

46
Q

medical or psychological conditions may cause _____ (penile erectile dysfunction) inability to maintain an erection for ejaculation

A

impotence

47
Q

_____ is a persistent, painful erection, usually related to other medical conditions.

A

priapism

48
Q

_____, abnormal protrusion of part of a tissue or organ out of its normal space through a barrier, may occur in the male reproductive system.

A

hernia

49
Q

a _____ is a group of herniated veins near the testes.

A

varicocele

50
Q

various inflammation occur in the male reproductive system. _____ is any inflammation of the prostate.

A

prostatitis

51
Q

_____ is an inflammation of the glans penis

A

balanitis

52
Q

_____ is an inflammation of the epididymis.

A

epididymitis

53
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

BPH

54
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

follicle-stimulating hormones

55
Q

human papillomavirus

A

HPV

56
Q

luteinizing hormone

A

LH

57
Q

sexually transmitted infection

A

STI

58
Q

transurethral resection

A

TUR

59
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate

A

TURP

60
Q

the most common surgery of the male reproductive system is _____, the removal of the foreskin or prepuce.

A

circumcision

60
Q

various operations to remove cancerous or infected parts of the reproductive system are an _____, removal of an epididymis.

A

epididymectomy

61
Q

an _____ or ______, removal of one or both testicles

A

orchiectomy; orchidectomy

62
Q

a _____, removal of the prostate gland, which may be done through the perineum or above the pubic bone.

A

prostatectomy

63
Q

_____ (TURP) is the removal of a portion of the prostate through the urethra.

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

64
Q

_____ is the removal of the part of the vas deferens as a method of birth control.

A

vasectomy

65
Q

a _____ is the reversing of a vasectomy so the male regains fertility.

A

vasovasostomy

66
Q

_____ is the surgical removal of both testicles in the male or a bilateral orchiectomy.

A

castration

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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