Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Chapter 12: Structure and Function of the Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Structure and Function of the Respiratory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

bronch/o. bronchi/o

A

bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lob/o

A

lobe of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nas/o

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

or/o

A

mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ox/o, oxi-, oxy-

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

phon/o

A

voice, sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pneum/o, pneumon/o

A

air, lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sir/o

A

breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

steth/o

A

chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

thorac/o

A

thorax, chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the _____ ______ is the body’s breathing system.

A

respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

_____ ______, breathing or exchanging air between the body and the outside environment.

A

external respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

_____ _______, the bringing of oxygen to the cells and removing carbon dioxide from then, happens in the circulation of blood throughout the body.

A

internal resperation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

_____ is the organs where oxygenation of blood takes place

A

lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

the ______ ______ is the passageways through air moves in and out of the lungs

A

respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is the respiratory tract also known as? the _____

A

airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

the ______ is the route through which air enters the lungs and the route via which air exits the body.

A

airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

_____ (breathing in or ______) brings air from the outside environment into the _____ or mouth.

A

inspiration; inhalation; nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what are the three functions of the nose

A

to warm, filter, and moisten the air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

the ______ (also called the ______) are the two external openings at the base of the external portion of the nose.

A

nostrils; external nares

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

the external nose is supported by the nasal bones and is divided into two halves by the _____ _____, a strip of cartilage.

A

nasal septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

after air enters the nose, it passes into the _____ ______, where it is warmed by blood in the mucous membranes that line these areas.

A

nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

_____ (hairs) in the nasal cavity filter out foreign bodies.

A

cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

the air reaches the _____ ( ______), which is a passageway for both air and food.

A

pharynx; throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

the _____ lies above the _____ ______, which is a flexible muscular sheet that seperates the nasopharynx from the rest of the pharynx.

A

nasopharynx; soft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

the nasopharynx known as the ______ _______, more commonly known as the _____, which aid in the body’s immune defense.

A

pharyngeal tonsils; adenoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

______, the back portion of the mouth. It contains the _____ ______, lymphatic tissue that works as part of the immune system.The part of the mouth triggers swallowing.

A

otopharynx; palatine tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

_____ is the post that the respiratory tract divides into the esophagus, the passageway for food and the _____ or ____ ____, through which air passes through the _____ or ______

A

laryngopharynx; larynx; voice box; trachea; windpipe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

food is prevented from going into the larynx by the ______, a loving flap of cartilage that covers the opening to the larynx (called the _____) every time one swallows.

A

epiglottis; glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

the larynx contains _____ ______, strip of epithelial tissue that vibrates when muscular tension is applied.

A

vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

the larynx is supported by various cartilaginous structures, one of which consists of two disksjoined at an angle to form the _____ ______ or _______ ______ (larger in males than females)

A

thyroid cartilage; adam’s apple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

the ______ is a cartilagnious and membranous tube that connects the larynx to the righ and left _____ (plural of _____), the tubular branches into which the larynx divides.

A

trachea; bronchi; bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

the point at which the trachea divides is called the _____, a general term for a median area, especially one with a _____, or cartilaginous division.

A

mediastinum; septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

air that is pushed out of the lungs travels up through the respiratory tract during _____ (breathing out or ______), where it is expelled into the environment.

A

expiration; exhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

the bronchi further divide into many smaller branches called _____.

A

bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

each air sac is called an ______ (plural, _____).

A

alveolus; alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

the lungs take up most of the thoracic cavity (or _____), reaching from the collarbone to the diaphragm.

A

thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

the outside of the lungs has a moist, double layer of membrane called the _____ (plural, _____).

A

pleura; pleurae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

the outer layer, the ______ ______, lines the thoracic cavity, the inside of the ribs.

A

parietal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

the inner layer, the _____ ______, covers the surface of the lungs.

A

visceral pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

the space between the two pleura is called the _____ ______.

A

pleural cavity

54
Q

each lung has an _____, or topmost section, along with a middle area called the _____ or ______, and a lower section called the _____.

A

apex; hilum; hilus; base

55
Q

the larger lung is divided into three lobes: a _____ _____, a _____ _____, and an _____ ______.

A

superior lobe; middle lobe; inferior lobe

56
Q

the left lung is divided into a _____ and an ______.

A

superior; inferior

57
Q

the three major muscles that contract are the ______ and the _____ ______ (the muscles between the ribs).

A

diaphragm; intercostal muscles

58
Q

inflammation of the epiglottis is _____itis

A

epiglott-

59
Q

a ______meter is an instrument for measuring sounds.

A

phono-

60
Q

______itis is inflammation of the nose.

A

rhin-

61
Q

an operation for removal of adenoid growths is an _____ectomy.

A

adenoid-

62
Q

_____itis is inflammation of the pleura.

A

pleur-

63
Q

a _____gram is a continuous recording of the carbon dioxide in expired air.

A

capno-

64
Q

relating to the nasal passages and the stomach is ______gastric.

A

naso-

65
Q

_____ectomy is removal of one entire tonsil or of both tonsils.

A

tonsill-

66
Q

inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes is ______itis.

A

bronch-

67
Q

_____lith is calculus in the lungs.

A

pneumo-

68
Q

the part of the pharynx that lies behind the mouth is the ______pharynx.

A

oro-

69
Q

______scopy is inspection of the interior of the trachea.

A

tracheo-

70
Q

inflammation of the tissue of the mediastinum is ______itis.

A

mediastin-

71
Q

_____itis is inflammation of the alveoli.

A

alveol-

72
Q

an instrument used to listen to sounds in the chest is a _____scope

A

stetho-

73
Q

removal of a lung lobe is a _____ectomy.

A

lob-

74
Q

inflammation of the lungs is ______itis.

A

pneumon-

75
Q

______itis is inflammation of the diaphragm.

A

phren-

76
Q

a device used to examine the larynx through the mouth is a ______scope.

A

laryngo-

77
Q

a ______meter is an instrument used to measure respiratory gas.

A

spiro-

78
Q

inflammation of the bronchioles is _____itis.

A

bronchiol-

79
Q

an instrument for measuring oxygen saturation of blood is an _____meter.

A

oxi-

80
Q

_____tomy is an incision into the chest wall.

A

thoraco-

81
Q

_____itis is inflammation in the pharynx.

A

pharyng-

82
Q

a physicial listens to the lungs with a stethoscope, a process called _____.

A

auscultation

83
Q

the physician may use _____, tapping over the lung area, to see if the lungs are clear (a hollow sound) or filled with fluid (a dull sound).

A

percussion

84
Q

____ ____ ____ measure the mechanics of breathing.

A

pulmonary function tests

85
Q

breathing may be tested by a ____ ____ ____.

A

peak flow meter

86
Q

a _____ is a machine that tests pulmonary function by measuring the lungs’ volume and capacity (spirometry).

A

spirometer

87
Q

_____ is a disease of the respiratory system.

A

tuberculosis

88
Q

a _____ provides a radiological picture of the trachea and bronchi.

A

bronchography

89
Q

a _____ ______ is an x-ray of the blood vessels of the lungs taken after dye is injected into a blood vessel.

A

pulmonary angiography

90
Q

a lung scan or _____/______(V/Q) scan is a recording of radioactive material, injected or inhaled, to show air flow and blood suppy in the lungs.

A

ventilation; perfusion

91
Q

_____ _____ are commonly used to diagnose streptococcal infections.

A

throat cultures

92
Q

a _____ ______ or ____ ____ may be taken and cultured to identify any disease-causing organisms.

A

sputum sample; sputum culture

93
Q

____ ____ ____ (ABGs) measure the levels of pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolved in the plasma of arterial blood.

A

arterial blood gases

94
Q

a ____ ____ measures the amount of salt in sweat and is used to confirm cystic fibrosis.

A

sweat test

95
Q

ear, nose and throat doctors, or _____, specialize in disorders of the upper respiratory tract.

A

otorhinolaryngologists

96
Q

a _____ is excision of the tonsils (often to stop recurrent tonsillitis).

A

tonsillectomy

97
Q

an _____ is removal of the adenoids.

A

adenoidectomy

98
Q

a _____ removes the larynx (usually to stop cancerous growth).

A

laryngectomy

99
Q

a ______ is the ecision of a lung.

A

pneumonectomy

100
Q

a ______ is the excision of a lung lobe (as when cancer is present).

A

lobectomy

101
Q

a _____ is the repair of a bronchus.

A

bronchoplasty

102
Q

______ is the repair of the larynx.

A

laryngoplasty

103
Q

_____ is the repair of the bones of the nose.

A

rhinoplasty

104
Q

_____ is the repaid of the nasal septum.

A

septoplasty

105
Q

_____ is the repair of the trachea.

A

tracheoplasty

106
Q

____ ____ are specialists who usually perform procedures involving the respiratory system.

A

thoracic surgeons

107
Q

a _____ is an incision of the larynx and trachea.

A

laryngotracheotomy

108
Q

______ is the creation of an opening in the nasal septum.

A

septostomy

109
Q

_____ is an incision of a sinus

A

sinusotomy

110
Q

_____ is an incision into the chest cavity.

A

thoracotomy

111
Q

____ is the establishment of an opening in the chest cavity to drain fluid.

A

thoracostom

112
Q

_____ is an incision into the trachea, usually to provide an airway.

A

tracheotomy

113
Q

____ is a surgical puncture of the larynx.

A

laryngocentesis

114
Q

while the surgical puncture of the pleural space is _____.

A

pleurocentesis

115
Q

the surgical puncture of the chest cavity is _____.

A

thoracentesis

116
Q

an ____ is the insertion of a tub through the nose or mouth, pharynx, larynx and into the trachea to establish an airway.

A

endotracheal intubation

117
Q

artificial openings into the respiratory tract may allow for alternative airways, as in a _____ (artificial tracheal opening) or a _____ (artificial laryngeal openings).

A

tracheostomy; laryngostomy

118
Q

Specific to respiratory problems are _____, drugs that dilate the walls of the bronchi (as during an asthmatic attack), and _____, drugs that promote coughing and the expulsion of mucus.

A

bronchodilators; expectorants

119
Q

_____ relieve coughing and _____ help congestion of the upper respiratory tract.

A

antitussives; decongestants

120
Q

mechanical _____ actually serve as a breathing substitute for patients who cannot breathe on their own.

A

ventilators

121
Q

_____ deliver medication through the nose or mouth to ease breathing problems.

A

nebulizers

122
Q

arterial blood gas

A

ABG

123
Q

acute respiratory distress syndrome or adult respiratory distress syndrome

A

ARDS

124
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

COPD

125
Q

continuous positive airway pressure

A

CPAP

126
Q

lower respiratory tract

A

LRT

127
Q

metered dose inhaler

A

MDI

128
Q

pulmonary function test

A

PFT

129
Q

sudden infant death syndrome

A

SIDS

130
Q

shortness of breath

A

SOB

131
Q

tuberculosis

A

TB

132
Q

upper respiratory tract

A

URT

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions