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Microbio > Chapter 14 (EXAM 3) > Flashcards

Chapter 14 (EXAM 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the highest amount of microbes on the body

A

The axillary

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2
Q

What are transient microbs

A

Bacteria thats on our body for a short period of time, weeks or months

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3
Q

What are the most abundant microbes on our body

A

Staphylococcus & E.coli

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4
Q

What is symbiosis

A

When 2 organisms live together and benefit off each other. 3 types: Commernsalism, Parasitism, Mutualism

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5
Q

Describe Commernsalism

A

1 organism benefits while the other is unaffected

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6
Q

Describe Parasitism

A

1 organism benefits at the expense of the other

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7
Q

Describe Mutualism

A

Both organisms benefit

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8
Q

What is cooperation

A

Plaque on our teeth is biofilm to many organisms, all have the same goal of having a place to live and food to eat

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9
Q

What is Synergism

A

2 organisms living together, only one provides

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10
Q

What is Antagonistic

A

When both organisms are competing for a niche

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11
Q

Symptoms

A

Starts as aches and pains, as the illness progresses, fever and other symptoms associated

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12
Q

Syndrome

A

Typical signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease.
Makes it easier to determine what’s causing the illness

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13
Q

Communicable disease

A

moves from host to host ( HIV or TB )

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14
Q

Contagious disease

A

Easily spread from host to host ( chicken pox )

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15
Q

Noncommunicable disease

A

not spread from host to host

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16
Q

Incidence

A

The # of people who developed the disease at a particular time frame; indicates the spread of an illness

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17
Q

Prevalence

A

of old and new cases in a particular rime indicated length and seriousness of an illness

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18
Q

Sporadic illness

A

Occasional outbreaks, graph goes up and down

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19
Q

Epidemic

A

Appears as big bump on graph, large increase of #, a spike

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20
Q

Endemic

A

Illness is always present in some amount of population ( cold, flu )

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21
Q

Pandemic

A

Worldwide ( AIDS, Flu )

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22
Q

Duration

A

How long it will last in the body.

Acute=short lasting ( 1 week )

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23
Q

Chronic infection

A

Continual, recurrent, develops slowly and lasts for months ( tuberculosis )

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24
Q

Subacute infection

A

Between acute and chronic one

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25
Latent Illness
Patient has occasional outbreak ( Herpes 1 )
26
Herd Immunity
When a large # of population do not get an illness, due to some getting vaccines and others not
27
Host involvement
Local infection is limited ti a particular area ( boils )
28
Systemic infection
Moves through bloodstream to different body systems
29
Focal infection
2nd destination of an infection. Strep is in the throat but can get into blood and other tissues
30
Primary infection
Initial illness
31
Secondary infection
Not long, caused by opportunistic organism (immunocompromised will get small infections bc their vulnerable)
32
Subclinical infection
Never develop illness, but have it in their system ( basically a carrier to it )
33
Sepsis
Inflammation fie to toxins
34
Septisima
bacteria multiplying in blood stream
35
bacterimia
presence of bacteria in the blood
36
toximia
presence of toxins in the blood
37
viremia
presence of a virus
38
Incubation period
Time of an illness between the infection and the actual symptoms
39
Prodromal
When you begin to feel like your coming down with something but is disease specific
40
What are the predisposing factors of disease
Male or Female Exposure to the disease People who are older are more likely to get certain illnesses
41
Decline
Signs and symptoms of an illness are going down but disease specific
42
Convalescence
When an individual is regaining their strength and health
43
Resivior
The continuous source or a particular illness. | Major ones are: soil, water, hospital, healthy to sick people and animals
44
Carriers
Resivoirs without symptoms
45
Zoonoses
Illness that involves an animal at some point
46
Indirect contact
When a person touches on an object and gets the illness
47
Direct contact
Skin to skin contact ( STD's )
48
Droplet transmission
Saliva droplets in air but within 1 meter of person ( flu, pneumonia )
49
Vehicle transmossion
Being carried through air, water, vehicle, to the host, Greater then 1 meter can get from up to 7 meters away
50
Mechanical Vector
Type of organism that can carry a germ/virus on any part of its body
51
Biological vector
2 types Indirect: insects poop or vomit while biting you. illness in the poop/vomit. You can sick from that entering the bite not from the bite itself direct: germ introduced in the bite ( malaria )
52
Host
Person carrying the illness
53
Definitive host
Carrying the reproducing pathogen, where reproduction occurs
54
Intermediate host
Carrying some intermediate form of the pathogen (larvae)
55
Morbitity
Rate of individuals sick with particular notifiable disease
56
Mortality rate
of individuals that died from the particular disease
57
Descriptive types
looking forward prospective of the disease
58
Retrospective
Looking backwards prospective of the disease
59
Anolitical
Study factors that may have contributed to the transmission
60
CDC
Center of disease control
61
WHO
world health organization
62
NIH
National institute of health
63
EID
Emerging infectious diseases | New or reimerging diseases
64
Nonsocomial disease
hospital acquired | Linked to someone at a hospital
65
Principle sites fro nonsocomial disease
UTI: bedridden people or catheters Surgery Lower respiratory: not using lungs bc in bed all the time Bloodstream: occur bc of being poked and prodded

Microbio (16 decks)

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