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Microbio > Chapter 14 (EXAM 3) > Flashcards

Chapter 14 (EXAM 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the highest amount of microbes on the body

A

The axillary

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2
Q

What are transient microbs

A

Bacteria thats on our body for a short period of time, weeks or months

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3
Q

What are the most abundant microbes on our body

A

Staphylococcus & E.coli

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4
Q

What is symbiosis

A

When 2 organisms live together and benefit off each other. 3 types: Commernsalism, Parasitism, Mutualism

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5
Q

Describe Commernsalism

A

1 organism benefits while the other is unaffected

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6
Q

Describe Parasitism

A

1 organism benefits at the expense of the other

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7
Q

Describe Mutualism

A

Both organisms benefit

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8
Q

What is cooperation

A

Plaque on our teeth is biofilm to many organisms, all have the same goal of having a place to live and food to eat

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9
Q

What is Synergism

A

2 organisms living together, only one provides

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10
Q

What is Antagonistic

A

When both organisms are competing for a niche

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11
Q

Symptoms

A

Starts as aches and pains, as the illness progresses, fever and other symptoms associated

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12
Q

Syndrome

A

Typical signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease.
Makes it easier to determine what’s causing the illness

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13
Q

Communicable disease

A

moves from host to host ( HIV or TB )

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14
Q

Contagious disease

A

Easily spread from host to host ( chicken pox )

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15
Q

Noncommunicable disease

A

not spread from host to host

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16
Q

Incidence

A

The # of people who developed the disease at a particular time frame; indicates the spread of an illness

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17
Q

Prevalence

A

of old and new cases in a particular rime indicated length and seriousness of an illness

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18
Q

Sporadic illness

A

Occasional outbreaks, graph goes up and down

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19
Q

Epidemic

A

Appears as big bump on graph, large increase of #, a spike

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20
Q

Endemic

A

Illness is always present in some amount of population ( cold, flu )

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21
Q

Pandemic

A

Worldwide ( AIDS, Flu )

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22
Q

Duration

A

How long it will last in the body.

Acute=short lasting ( 1 week )

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23
Q

Chronic infection

A

Continual, recurrent, develops slowly and lasts for months ( tuberculosis )

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24
Q

Subacute infection

A

Between acute and chronic one

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25
Q

Latent Illness

A

Patient has occasional outbreak ( Herpes 1 )

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26
Q

Herd Immunity

A

When a large # of population do not get an illness, due to some getting vaccines and others not

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27
Q

Host involvement

A

Local infection is limited ti a particular area ( boils )

28
Q

Systemic infection

A

Moves through bloodstream to different body systems

29
Q

Focal infection

A

2nd destination of an infection. Strep is in the throat but can get into blood and other tissues

30
Q

Primary infection

A

Initial illness

31
Q

Secondary infection

A

Not long, caused by opportunistic organism (immunocompromised will get small infections bc their vulnerable)

32
Q

Subclinical infection

A

Never develop illness, but have it in their system ( basically a carrier to it )

33
Q

Sepsis

A

Inflammation fie to toxins

34
Q

Septisima

A

bacteria multiplying in blood stream

35
Q

bacterimia

A

presence of bacteria in the blood

36
Q

toximia

A

presence of toxins in the blood

37
Q

viremia

A

presence of a virus

38
Q

Incubation period

A

Time of an illness between the infection and the actual symptoms

39
Q

Prodromal

A

When you begin to feel like your coming down with something but is disease specific

40
Q

What are the predisposing factors of disease

A

Male or Female
Exposure to the disease
People who are older are more likely to get certain illnesses

41
Q

Decline

A

Signs and symptoms of an illness are going down but disease specific

42
Q

Convalescence

A

When an individual is regaining their strength and health

43
Q

Resivior

A

The continuous source or a particular illness.

Major ones are: soil, water, hospital, healthy to sick people and animals

44
Q

Carriers

A

Resivoirs without symptoms

45
Q

Zoonoses

A

Illness that involves an animal at some point

46
Q

Indirect contact

A

When a person touches on an object and gets the illness

47
Q

Direct contact

A

Skin to skin contact ( STD’s )

48
Q

Droplet transmission

A

Saliva droplets in air but within 1 meter of person ( flu, pneumonia )

49
Q

Vehicle transmossion

A

Being carried through air, water, vehicle, to the host, Greater then 1 meter can get from up to 7 meters away

50
Q

Mechanical Vector

A

Type of organism that can carry a germ/virus on any part of its body

51
Q

Biological vector

A

2 types
Indirect: insects poop or vomit while biting you. illness in the poop/vomit. You can sick from that entering the bite not from the bite itself
direct: germ introduced in the bite ( malaria )

52
Q

Host

A

Person carrying the illness

53
Q

Definitive host

A

Carrying the reproducing pathogen, where reproduction occurs

54
Q

Intermediate host

A

Carrying some intermediate form of the pathogen (larvae)

55
Q

Morbitity

A

Rate of individuals sick with particular notifiable disease

56
Q

Mortality rate

A

of individuals that died from the particular disease

57
Q

Descriptive types

A

looking forward prospective of the disease

58
Q

Retrospective

A

Looking backwards prospective of the disease

59
Q

Anolitical

A

Study factors that may have contributed to the transmission

60
Q

CDC

A

Center of disease control

61
Q

WHO

A

world health organization

62
Q

NIH

A

National institute of health

63
Q

EID

A

Emerging infectious diseases

New or reimerging diseases

64
Q

Nonsocomial disease

A

hospital acquired

Linked to someone at a hospital

65
Q

Principle sites fro nonsocomial disease

A

UTI: bedridden people or catheters
Surgery
Lower respiratory: not using lungs bc in bed all the time
Bloodstream: occur bc of being poked and prodded

Microbio (16 decks)

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