Chapter 13: Aggression Flashcards
What is hostile aggression?
Behavior intended to harm another, eaither physically or psychologically, and motivated by feelings of anger and hostility
What is instrumental aggression?
Behavior intended to harm another in the service of motives other than pure hosility (such as attracting attention, acquiring wealth, or advancing political or idealogical causes)
What is dehumanization?
The attribution of nonhuman characteristics and denial of human qualities to groups other than one’s own
What is culture of honor?
A culture defined by its members’ strong concerns about their own and others’ reputations, leading to sensitivity to insults and a willingness to use violence to avenge any perceived wrong
What is rape-prone culture?
A culture in which rape tends to be used as an act of war against enemy women, as a ritual act, or as a threat against women to keep them subservient to men
What is inclusive fitness?
According to evolutionary theory, the fitness of an individual is based on reproductive success and the passing of one’s own genes and those relatives to future generations.
What is precarious manhood hypothesis?
The idea that a man’s gender identity of strength and toughness may be lost under various conditions and that such a loss can trigger aggressive behavior
- more likely to engage in risky behavior in order to prove oneself
What is reactive devaluation?
Attaching less value to an offer in a negotiation once the opposing group makes it
What are situational determinants of aggression?
- hot weather
- media violence
- violent video games
- income inequality
- social rejection
How does hot weather lead to aggression?
heat creates emotional arousal which can be misdirected as anger at another person and then aggression
- more crime on hot days in cities
How does media violence lead to aggression?
exposure to violent media briefly primes an individual with increased aggression, but only in the short term
- viewer identifies with conductor of violence
- viewer sees the violence as justified
How do violent video games lead to aggression?
- increased play is seen as an addiction
- increase in aggresive behavior
- reduce prosocial positive behavior
- increase aggressive thoughts
- increase aggressive meotions
- increase blood preasure and heart rate (same resonse when fighting)
How does social rejection lead to aggression?
- social rejection means you no longer have access to communal resources for survival
- triggeres FIGHT or flight response from life or death encounter
- social rejection is felt like physical pain in the brain
How does income inequality lead to aggression?
- inequality creates conflict for resources
- inequality creates feeligns of social rejection
- inequality makes it harder to have your basic needs met
How does anger lead to aggression?
- anger changes the contrual in the brain
- more likely to think things are unfair, percieve negative intentions, and think of potential ways to inflict harm