Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > Chapter 12-13 Strept Entero Pneumo > Flashcards

Chapter 12-13 Strept Entero Pneumo Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

describe the microbe streptococcus agalctiae

A

group B, beta hemolytic, chain like growth, aerobic, polysaccharide capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is streptococcus agalactiae found

A

lower GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what diseases does streptococcus agalactiae cause

A

-pneumonia in neonates
-bacteremia and meningitis
- urinary infections in pregnant women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what protects against streptococcus agalactiae

A

antibodies against group B polysaccharide Ag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what causes streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

A

strains of different S pyogenes or S agalactiae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what type of microbe is enterococcus faecalis and where is it found

A

-gram positive cocci
- alpha and non hemolytic
- facultative anaerobes
- GI flora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe the virulence of enterococcus faecalis

A

high mutliple antibiotic resistance - plasmid and chromosomal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the epidemiology for enterococcus faecalis

A

elderly
- long hospitalization
- high nosocomial risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is VRSA caused by

A

vancomycin resistance enterococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what streptococci strain is seen as diplo-cocci

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does Beta hemolysis on blood agar plates cause

A

clearing at and around colonies in streptococcus pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is alpha hemolysis due to

A

partial lysis of eythrocytes in S mitis and S pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does green color on agar plates mean

A

pneumolysin degrading hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are lancefield groups

A

a way to classify streptococci. A-W

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is group A in lancefield groups

A

N-Ac glucosamine and rhamnose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is group B in lancefield groups

A

rhamnose and N-Ac-glucosamine + galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is rapid strep throat test based on

A

group A serological responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are streptococcal classification methods

A

-lancefield groups
-biochemical, metabolic classification
- DNA sequencing - phylogenetic analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

describe DNA sequencing - phylogenetic analysis

A
  • sequencing the emm gene for the required virulence factor protein M
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is M protein

A
  • cell wall component that is an important virulence factor
  • membrane- anchored
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what do anti- M antibodies do

A

prevent infection of S.pyogenes but many serotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does M protein do

A
  • binds keratinocytes, the main cell type in outer skin layer
  • binds fibrinogen, blocking surface from complement system components
  • binds complement control proteins and inhibits formation of opsonins by complement cascade
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are capsules

A

virulence factors that prevent phagocytosis

24
Q

what are the capsules of group A strains made of

A

hyaluronic acid

25
Q

what does F protein do

A

provides adherence to the fibronectin of throat epithelial cells

26
Q

what does lipoteichoic acid do

A

adheres to the fibronectin epithelial cell coat

27
Q

what is likely the basis for repeated nature of strep throat and deep tissue infections

A

adhesion based uptake of cocci into epithelial cells

28
Q

what is the M protein anti complement action through

A

factor H

29
Q

what does capsulae C3 peptidase do

A

destroys opsonizing C3b complement opsonization

30
Q

what does G protein do

A

binds Fc of IgG preventing phagocytosis based on Fc receptors

31
Q

what disease does streptococcus pyogenes cause

A

pharyngitis

32
Q

what do streptolysins S, O do

A

lysis of erythrocytes (beta hemolysis) and phagocyte lysosomal membranes

33
Q

what causes scarlet fever and what is the virulence factor

A

streptococcus pyogenes
- a superantigen SPE

34
Q

what do pryogenic SPEs cause

A

-pyoderma (impetigo)
- erysipelas

35
Q

what does flesh eating streptococcus pyogenes cause

A

-streptococcal gangrene
- progression to deep, systemic infection leads to multi organ failure and death
- necrotizing fasciitis

36
Q

what is the term for strep throat

A

acute pharyngitis

37
Q

what type of reaction is glomerulonephritis

A

type III hypersensitivity

38
Q

what type of reaction if rheumatic fever

A

type II hypersensitivity

39
Q

what is chorea

A

brain function impairment

40
Q

what type of reaction is the sequelae of a S. pyogenes infection

A

immune complex III hypersensitivity

41
Q

what can acute rheumatic fever cause

A

myocarditis and arthritis

42
Q

describe acute rheumatic fever

A

-non supprative sequela with some strains
- less than 10% of population is susceptible
- fever is non responsive to penicillin because disease is autoimmune
- high frequency of reoccurence

43
Q

what are the complications of streptococcus pyogenes

A

glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever, and chorea

44
Q

what are the complications of staphylococcus aureus

A

-SSS
- impetigo
- food poisoning
- toxic shock syndrome
- boild
- abscesses

45
Q

describe streptococcus pneumoniae

A

-alpha hemolytic
- gram positive diplococci

46
Q

how many cases of streptococcus pneumoniae are there per year in the US

A

500,000

47
Q

what type of streptococcus pneumoniae strains are virulent

A

only encapsulated strains

48
Q

what is the epidemiology and prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia

A
  • high carrier rates for S pneumoniae
  • capsular vaccine available
49
Q

what is the causative agent, epidemiology, and prevention for kiebsiella penumonia

A
  • kiebsiella pneumoniae, an enterobacterium
  • often resistant to antibiotics, fatal nosocomial pneumonias
  • no vaccine available
50
Q

what is the treatment for mycoplasmal pneumonia

A

no vaccine available

51
Q

what are the 3 major pneumonia causing agents

A
  • streptococcus pneumoniae
  • kiebsiella pneumoniae
  • mycoplasma penumoniae
52
Q

what is the treatment of choice for streptococcal pneumonia

A

penicillin

53
Q

what are the virulence factors for S pneumoniae

A

-alpha hemolysis
- capsule
- secretory IgA protease

54
Q

what causes meningitis

A

S pneumoniae

55
Q

describe streptococcus pneumoniae

A

-alpha hemolytic
- gram positive diplococci

Microbiology (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions